South America

The U.S. has 'extended sanctions waivers for Venezuela on Friday,' allowing investment into the petrochemical and energy sectors of the?South American nation and allowing fertilizer exports. Washington is trying to help American farmers who are being hit by the rising costs resulting from the Iran War. As part of this move, the U.S. Treasury Department updated three general licenses. The Department said that the changes are intended to help revitalize Venezuela's energy sector while also ensuring the global commodity markets stay well-supplied. However, it is not clear exactly how much fertilizer Venezuela has available to export or how fast it...

Petrobras, the state-owned oil company in Brazil, will increase the price of diesel sold by distributors by 0.38 reais (US$0.0725) per liter starting 'March 14th. The decision comes in the wake of the recent increase in oil prices caused by the U.S./Israeli conflict in Iran. This spike has widened the gap between Petrobras local diesel prices, and international benchmarks in recent days to a record high. Distributors were reluctant to sell to Petrobras because they feared they'd have to resupply the product at higher prices. According to the company, the average price of diesel that the oil giant charges distributors...

An official from the?industry?ministry said that Japan would consider buying Russian crude oil after the U.S. granted a 30-day waiver of?sanctions amid the Iran War, taking into account international conditions and its own?national interest. The U.S. waiver permits countries to purchase sanctioned Russian crude oil and petroleum products that are currently stranded on the sea. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent described this as a move to stabilize the global energy market, which has been?roiled by Iran's war. Narumi hosokawa, the deputy general-director of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry's (METI) immediate crisis management, said, "We will examine the issue in...

Brazil's government has scrapped diesel taxes and imposed a tax on oil exports. The move, which was made on Thursday, could affect the state-run Petrobras as it tries to ease the impact of recent global oil price spikes. The administration of President Luiz inacio da Silva said that the temporary measures will reduce the impact on local fuel prices caused by price swings resulting from the U.S./Israeli war against Iran. The South American nation cut the PIS federal tax and Cofins federal tax levied on diesel to zero. It also imposed a 12 percent tax on crude oil and a...

Oil prices spiked due to the war in Iran, and for now this has halted any monetary easing efforts by emerging market central bankers from Poland to Turkey. This is because policymakers are coping with an increase in inflation expectations as well as a rise in risk aversion. After a series of shocks, from the COVID outbreak to Russia's invasion in?Ukraine, that have shook markets, slowed growth, and fueled inflation, central banks are finally becoming more optimistic about global economic resilience?and easing price pressures. The dollar gained ground, and U.S. Treasury Yields rose as a proxy of borrowing costs in...

Brazilian sugar and ethanol ?producer Raizen said on Wednesday it had reached an ?out-of-court agreement with ?creditors and bondholders ?to restructureapproximately ?65.1 billion reais ($12.61 billion) in debt obligations. The company is a joint-venture between Shell, an oil giant listed in London, and Brazilian conglomerate Cosan. It has been in talks for months to find ways to improve its capital structure and reduce its debt. Raizen stated in a?security filing that creditors who hold 47% of the company's unsecured debt had already endorsed this plan. The company has 90 days to get enough?support to receive final approval. After that, the...

Two sources with knowledge of the matter said that Petrobras, the Brazilian state-run company which owns the oil industry in Brazil, plans to auction 20 million liters of diesel to the state of Rio Grande do Sul to address shortages. They said the auction would take place on Wednesday. The U.S. and Israel attacks on Iran are causing a spike in diesel prices, which is the most immediate and serious threat to Brazil's agricultural sector. Producers harvesting record soybean crops and planting corn cannot afford to delay. The initiative, according to a source who spoke under?conditions of anonymity, is necessary...

Two sources familiar with the discussion said that Brazil's government is facing an additional challenge when it prepares to update its economic forecasts. Market volatility and uncertainty linked to the conflict in Iran will complicate projections for this year's budget management. Within two weeks, the Finance Ministry is expected to release new forecasts on 2026 GDP growth, inflation and inputs for government's bimonthly revenue and expenditure report. The first report for the year is due on March 24. It will assess revenues and expenditures against the approved budget, and determine if a spending freeze would be necessary to comply with...

Four sources with knowledge of the situation have confirmed that Brazilian state-run Petrobras has refused to?accept requests from fuel distributors requesting additional diesel volumes, as domestic prices are falling?to record discounts compared to global levels. Petrobras is the largest supplier of fuel in Brazil and the data indicates that the diesel sold by the company is currently 85% less expensive than imported fuels. This is due to global prices rising because of the U.S. Iran conflict. Sources claim that the disparity between the two diesel prices has a negative impact on the booming agricultural sector of the country during the...

Executives said that if the cash flow was high, Petrobras could pay higher dividends. Magda 'Chambriard, CEO of the company, said earlier this week that it would not pass on sudden changes in oil prices to consumers following attacks by the U.S. Israel and Iran both disrupted energy flows earlier this week. "We live in a period of geopolitical uncertainty, and our concern is that the company be prepared for any scenario regarding the price of crude oil that could occur," said?Chambriard. Brent oil prices are at their highest levels since April 2024. They will likely reach the highest weekly...

Analysts say that the Middle East conflict and higher oil prices threaten to shift emerging markets towards a more "hawkish" policy. In the next two weeks, more than a dozen emerging market central banks will be meeting to discuss their monetary policies. Goldman Sachs analysts noted that "markets that have been under the most pressure are those that were owned by investors anticipating rate?cuts in CEEMEA, LatAm and Latin America) and that also tend to be highly sensitive to global supply side shocks." Global financial markets are gripped by fears of an oil price spike due to the U.S. -...

Shell's CEO for Brazil told reporters that the conflict between Israel and the United States with Iran presents "enormous opportunities" to attract investment to develop Brazil's oil assets. Cristiano Pinto Da Costa, who is a Brazilian politician, said that Brazil's geopolitical stabilty and its track record as a reliable oil-producer give it a definite 'advantage' over other countries, even though he acknowledged the country had limited capacity to increase production in the short term. Brazil will likely benefit "over the medium to long term", he said, touting the record investments made by the London listed oil major of $12.5 billion...

The Peruvian president Jose Maria Balcazar appointed Waldir Ayasta on Monday as the new minister of Energy and Mines of the country. This follows the resignation of his predecessor Angelo Alfaro on Sunday after he was accused of raping an underage girl in 2000. Ayasta has been sworn in at the Government Palace of Lima by the President and now takes the helm of the Andean nation’s most important economic sector. The mining industry accounts for 60% of Peruvian exports and is the world's 3rd largest copper producer. Alfaro has denied any wrongdoing, but did not contest the claim that...

Analysts on Monday said that a $1.2 billion bridge-loan secured by Brazilian steelmaker CSN last week from banks does not ease the group's need to sell assets in the near future and deal with its ballooning debt. Analyst?Pedro?Galdi at AGF said that the company is in a "firefighting mode". He expects that the company will continue to prioritize divestments in order to raise up 18 billion reais (about $3 billion) and reduce its debt. CSN reported recently that this debt had exceeded 40 billion reais. The company signed a binding agreement with a group banks at the end of the...

Chile and the U.S. signed a statement on Thursday to start?discussions about rare earths and critical minerals. It was added that the first meeting would take place in 'the next two weeks. The areas of possible coordination include public-private financing of mining projects, management of scrap minerals recycling and exploration of new projects that can help boost mineral supplies in both countries. The Trump administration is pushing to reduce the reliance on China in a number of key minerals that are used for electric vehicles, semiconductors defense systems and consumer electronics. Chile is the second largest lithium producer in the...

Vale, a Brazilian mining company, said on Thursday that it would produce 26.3 million metric tons of 'iron ore' by 2025 using materials classified as wastes or tailings. This is more than twice the 12.7 millions tons produced in this manner a year ago. Vale reported that the volume of iron ore recovered from waste materials exceeded Vale's initial estimate of 20 million tons. Vale is investing in circular mining. It has grown from a small pilot project to a large-scale industrial effort. Vale reported that the initiative reduced waste disposal by 60 railcars of iron ore last year and...

Customs data showed that China's imports of iron ore in the first two months 2026 increased by 10% compared to a year ago, thanks to stronger exports from Australia, a major supplier, and a higher level of domestic demand. In January and February of this year, the world's biggest iron ore consumer imported 210.02 metric tons. This is up from 191.36 metric tons in previous years. Alexis Ellender is an analyst with the ship tracking firm Kpler. She said that this growth was due to Australia's strong exports in December. China combined import data from January and February in order...

The Argentine Senate approved a law reform protecting Andean Glaciers on Thursday. This was a measure promoted by President Javier Milei’s?government? to encourage mining companies to invest. Environmental groups demonstrated against the Argentine Congress as the Senate passed the bill with a vote 40 to 31. The reform now moves to the lower chamber for a vote. Mieli’s bill is part a larger pledge by his government to “end arbitrary interpretations” of the glacier laws, which according to the government has stalled economic development and investment. The controversial bill, if passed, would allow provinces to set up their own standards...

The Chilean mining ministry has prepared 'two new lithium contracts' to be submitted to the national comptroller by March. This is part of a broader effort to enlarge production beyond the projects that were initially submitted this year. These two contracts are distinct from the tenders that the Ministry submitted in January. Two of them were rejected. The preparation of their report'signals an extension of Chile’s national lithium policy, which aims to dramatically increase output by the year 2034. Key Context El Mercurio reported Wednesday that the ministry intends to re-submit five contracts within a few days. Three others are...

India has deepened its trade ties with Brazil, signing a pact on Saturday to increase cooperation in mining and minerals. The country is seeking to meet the rising demand for steel at home and to support capacity expansion as a result of a global race to secure raw materials. The agreement was signed by India's PM Narendra Modi, and Brazilian President Luiz inacio Lula Da Silva. Both men arrived in New Delhi this week on a three-day trip. Brazil has large reserves of minerals that are critical for steelmaking. It is one of the top producers of iron ore in...

Vale Base Metals agreed to sell its majority stake in the Thompson Nickel Belt Mine in Manitoba to an investor consortium, which would create a new nickel-producing company in Canada. Exiro Minerals of Toronto, Orion Resources Partners and Canada Growth Fund are part of the consortium. Brazilian mining company Vale has agreed to sign a five-year agreement for the off-take of its 18.9% stake in Exiro Nickel. The new consortium will invest $200 million in order to revive a mine that Vale had been reviewing since last year, when the price of nickel fell to its lowest level in five...

Antofagasta, a Chilean miner, posted a 52% increase in its annual core profit on Tuesday, as record prices for copper offset softer output. It also said that increased capital expenditures would support production over the medium-term. Analysts had expected that earnings before interest, tax, depreciation, and amortisation would reach a record of $5.2 billion in 2025, up from $3.43billion a year ago. This was due to the fact that copper prices rose by more than 40%. Antofagasta proposed a final dividend of 48 cents per share for 2025, bringing its dividend payout ratio to 50%. Since more than a decade,...

Analysts praised a core profit that was above expectations and predicted a positive reaction to the shares. Rio de Janeiro-headquartered Vale, one of the world's largest iron ore producers, posted a $3.8 billion net loss for the October-to-December quarter, compared to a $694 million loss in the same period of 2024. Analysts polled at?LSEG expected a profit of $2.7 billion. Vale Base Metals reported a $3.5billion impairment of its?nickel assets located in Canada. This was "caused by a downward adjustment in long-term nickel prices based on market estimates". The company also noted a $2.8 billion write-off from deferred taxes assets...

Lundin Gold, a Canadian mining company, is investing $100m?this year to prolong the life of its Fruta Del Norte mine located in Ecuador. The 'price of gold' remains high. Executives said that the investment is intended to "bolster" exploration efforts by adding 133,000 meters of drilling in concessions across the Amazonian Province of Zamora Chinchipe. This area has been affected by illegal mining. Lundin wants its reserves to be increased from 5.54 million ounces and find new deposits by launching a 3-year project in 2025. The mine has seven drilling rigs in the mine and another 11 on the surface....