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Saudi Arabia cuts crude oil prices for Asia amidst nascent need healing: Russell

It's always tempting to try and overanalyse changes in the crude oil market and Saudi Arabia's choice to cut its main prices for Asian customers to the lowest level in 4 years is one such example.

Saudi Aramco, the state-controlled oil business of the world's biggest oil exporter, stated on Sunday it is decreasing the main selling prices (OSPs) for refiners in Asia, which buy about 70% of the kingdom's crude.

The OSP for the benchmark Arab Light grade for January-loading cargoes was decreased to a premium of 90 cents a. barrel over the Oman/Dubai average, down 80 cents from a premium. of $1.70 for December.

This is the most affordable premium for Arab Light because January. 2021, at a time when global demand was weak as a result of the. COVID-19 pandemic.

The lowering of Saudi OSPs is typically viewed by market. experts as an indication of 2 things, particularly weak demand and an. attempt to gain back market share from competitors.

There is definitely a case to be made for both of these. factors.

There is little doubt that need in Asia has actually been. disappointing in 2024, with it all but certain that the. continent's imports will decline this year from 2023.

For the very first 11 months of 2024 Asia's imports were 26.58. million barrels per day (bpd), according to information assembled by. LSEG Oil Research Study.

This is down 310,000 bpd from the 26.89 million bpd for the. first 11 months in 2023.

Nevertheless, there are some indications that need has picked up,. with LSEG information revealing November imports at 27.05 million bpd,. the greatest in six months and up practically 1.0 million bpd from. October's 26.06 million bpd.

The gain was led by China, with LSEG revealing the world's. biggest oil importer saw arrivals of 11.77 million bpd in. November, up from 10.57 million bpd in October.

It could be argued that the Saudi decision to cut OSPs for. January is to attempt and guarantee that this nascent healing in. demand continues.

The lower OSPs might also show that the U.S. dollar has. enhanced in current weeks, indicating that lower oil prices in. dollars aren't totally shown in regional currencies in key Asian. purchasers.

Given that the current peak in Brent futures of $81.16 a. barrel on Oct. 7, the cost in U.S. dollars has decreased 12.4%. to end at $71.12 on Dec. 6.

Nevertheless, in Chinese yuan terms it is just down 9.7% over the. exact same duration and in Indian rupees by 11.6%.

MARKET SHARE

The view that Aramco is attempting to restore market share by. reducing OSPs is likewise popular, but not necessarily one that. stands up to examination.

Saudi Arabia is the most significant provider to Asia and has seen. its market share recover in recent months.

From a low of 16.7% of Asia's imports in August, Saudi. Arabia's share has actually increased to 20.8% in September, 18.3% in October. and 21.0% in November.

Russia, the second biggest provider to Asia, has actually seen its. market share go from a 2024 high of 15.8% in June to 14.5% in. September, 15.7% in October and simply 12.9% in November,. according to LSEG data.

Maybe the greatest element driving Aramco's choice to. lower its OSP is the need to keep its oil at competitive levels. versus contending grades.

This isn't an issue for the bulk of Middle Eastern crude,. which tends to price off movements in Aramco's OSPs.

However it is more of an element for crudes that rate against. Brent, such as those from West Africa.

The premium that Brent commands over Middle East benchmark. Dubai has actually been narrowing in current months, indicating Brent is. ending up being cheaper on a relative basis.

The premium << DUB-EFS-1M > dropped to $1.08 a barrel on Dec. 6, the lowest because Sept. 30 and down from a recent peak of. $ 2.39 on Oct. 4.

By reducing its OSPs for Asia, Aramco keeps its crude. pricing more competitive with grades from exporters such as. Angola and Nigeria.

The views expressed here are those of the author, a writer. .

(source: Reuters)