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Sources say that China refineries are opting for less expensive crude oil in order to reduce their fuel oil consumption.

Industry sources say China's fuel demand will take a long time to recover after its imports hit a record low. Refiners reduced production and opted for cheaper crude as a result of the U.S. - Iran war. China's low demand for high-sulphur oil (HSFO), one of Asia’s largest importers, is expected to limit prices. This is despite the fact that the market has strengthened after Washington and Tehran intensified their attacks on the Middle East disrupting Gulf supply through the Strait of Hormuz.

LSEG data show that the Asian refiners' margins for 380 centistoke HSFO rose to a discount of less than $2 a barge to Brent on March 13, which was the highest since more than a year. The?380cst HSFO crack for Dubai has risen to a premium of over $3.25 a barrel.

A trading source at a Chinese refiner who refused to be identified due to commercial sensitivity said that "Regular crude oil currently trades at ICE levels between minus $5 and minus $8 a barrel." Fuel oil is no longer able to compete. In June, China's refinery run rates plummeted by a decade due to a weak domestic market and the export restrictions on refined oil products that followed the outbreak of conflict. The conflict has lowered the demand for fuel oil as an alternative to crude oil.

Imports hit a record low in May

According to LSEG data dating back to 2004, China's total imports of fuel oil in May fell to a monthly record low of approximately 559,000 metric tonnes (115,000 barrels). HSFO is a fuel that can be refined or used in marine fuel.

According to Vortexa's ship-tracking data, June fuel oil imports totaled 700,000 to 800,00 tons. This is a slight increase from May, but still well below the typical import volume.

In the first quarter 2026, China's fuel imports were about 2.29 millions tons per month compared to 1.8 million tons in 2025.

Analysts and traders said that fuel oil imports may have recovered slightly in June and into July. However, they mainly used to refuel ships, not refineries.

Chinese refineries import fuel oil primarily from Russia, as well as the Singapore and Malaysia trading hubs.

According to Asian trading sources and refinery, the price of crude oil has also become more competitive.

Traders said that spot offers for Russian straight-run oil fuel are currently muted due to low interest in buying. Russian fuel exports also fell as Ukraine intensified its attacks on Russian infrastructure. Chinese refiners are turning to discounted crude to take advantage of the additional?crude importquotas that were issued this year. Analysts said that while Beijing has eased the export restrictions for refined products, it is not clear whether this will lead to a rapid recovery in run rates or feedstock purchases.

(source: Reuters)