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Indians suffer from respiratory problems and skin rashes after living in the world's worst polluted city
Sumaiya Ansari was suffering from breathing difficulties for several days prior to being hospitalized in March. She was given oxygen support. Doctors say that her illness is likely caused by high pollution levels. According to IQAir's estimates, Byrnihat’s average annual PM2.5 concentration was 128.2 milligrams per cubic meter in 2024, which is over 25 times higher than the WHO recommended level. PM2.5 is particulate matter that has a diameter of 2.5 microns and less. This can cause deadly diseases, including heart problems. Abdul Halim, Ansari’s father, said, "It was scary. She was breathing like fish." He brought Ansari home after two days in the hospital. According to data from the government, respiratory infections cases in the region increased to 3,681 by 2024, up from 2,082 in 2012. Dr. J Marak, of Byrnihat Primary Healthcare Centre, said that 90% of the patients he sees daily have a cough and/or other respiratory problems. Residents report that the toxic air causes skin rashes, eye irritations, damages crops and prevents them from doing routine tasks such as drying their laundry outside. Dildar Hussain, a farmer, said: "Everything has been covered in dust or soot." Critics claim that Byrnihat's pollution problem is indicative of a larger trend that affects not only India's major cities but also the Capitalism As industrialisation accelerates, environmental protections are being eroded. Government data shows that the air quality in Byrnihat remains poor throughout the year. Experts say that the pollution problem in this town is worsened by the fact that it has a "bowl-shaped" topography and 80 industries, many of which are highly polluting. Arup Misra, the chairman of Assam’s pollution control board, said that the terrain between Meghalaya's hills and Assam’s plains is too narrow for pollutants to spread. A Meghalaya official, who declined to be identified, stated that the town's geographical location made it harder to find a solution, as both states shifted blame between themselves. Assam, Meghalaya and IQAir have formed a joint committee to fight the pollution in Byrnihat. (Reporting and writing by Tora Aggarwala, Sakshi Dayal and Raju Gopalakrishnan; editing by Raju Gopi Krishnan)
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Progress in US-Iran negotiations eases supply concerns, lowering oil prices
The oil prices dropped by about 1% after the nuclear talks between Iran and the United States progressed. This eased concerns that this dispute would reduce the supply of the Middle Eastern major producer. Brent crude futures fell 70 cents or 1.03% to $67.26 per barrel at 0030 GMT, after closing 3.2% higher on Thursday. U.S. West Texas Intermediate Crude was trading at $64, down 68 cents or 1.05% after closing up 3.54% the previous session. Last week, Thursday was the final settlement day due to the Good Friday holiday. Iran's Foreign Minister said that the U.S. had agreed to start drafting a framework for any potential nuclear deal with Iran on Saturday, following talks described by a U.S. government official as "very positive progress." Progress in the nuclear talks follows the U.S. imposing further sanctions last week. These included sanctions against a teapot oil refinery based in China, which it claims processed Iranian crude. This increased pressure on Tehran during the discussions. Teapot is the industry term for smaller independent processors. Brent and WTI both gained about 5% in the last week due to concerns about the tightening of Iranian oil supplies and hopes for an agreement between the United States, and the European Union. This was their first weekly increase in three weeks. Separately, Russia, Ukraine and President Vladimir Putin blamed each for breaking the one-day ceasefire declared on Easter Sunday by the Russian president. Both sides accused the other of hundreds attacks, and the Kremlin said there was never an order to extend the ceasefire. (Reporting and editing by Christian Schmollinger; Florence Tan is the reporter)
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Interfax reports that the Russian economy ministry has cut its Brent price forecast for 2025 by almost 17%.
Interfax reported on Monday morning that the Russian economy ministry had reduced its forecast of the average price for Brent crude in 2025 from the amount it thought the price would be in September by almost 17%. Interfax reported that in the ministry's baseline scenario for economic forecasts of 2025, the average price of Brent is expected to be $68 per barrel, down from $81.7 per barrel in the September forecasts. The Ministry of Finance estimates that the price of Urals, Russia’s main blend, is $56 per barrel, compared to the $69.7 per barrelle on which Russia based its budget for 2025. The agency quoted a ministry representative as saying, "We think that this is an estimate which is fairly conservative." Oil and gas revenues account for a third (or more) of the budget. In April, the Russian central bank had warned that due to a lower global demand, oil prices may be lower for several years than expected. Urals prices dropped to their lowest level since 2023 early April, trading at around $53 a barrel. They traded below $60 per barrel last week. The ministry said that it did not expect a recession to occur due to the trade wars of U.S. president Donald Trump and believes global growth will be slightly higher than 2% this year. Interfax quoted the representative of the ministry as saying: "The world's still bigger than the United States. So some flows will be directed." The Ministry maintained its forecast of 2.5% for the gross domestic product (GDP) growth in Russia and raised its inflation forecast from 4.5% to 7.6%. The rouble is also expected to be slightly stronger this year than it was previously forecasted, with an average of 94,3 roubles for every dollar, compared to an earlier prediction of 96.5.
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Severe weather strikes the Midwest and South of the US, killing two people in Oklahoma
Police said that at least two people including a child died after their vehicle became stranded on flood waters in Oklahoma, during the Easter weekend, when severe weather and flooding affected parts of the U.S. South, Midwest and Midwest. In a press release, police in Moore (Oklahoma), about 11 miles south-southeast of Oklahoma City, stated that the weather was "historic". "One (of the vehicles) was swept underneath the bridge. All but two of the occupants were saved at the time. "It is with deep sadness that we announce that two people, an adult male and a 12-year old boy, were found dead later," the statement said. The police in Moore, Oklahoma have urged residents to stay home. They responded late Saturday to more than a dozen calls by residents who were stuck in their vehicles because of high water. Oklahoma was covered by flood warnings that indicate a flood may be imminent or has already occurred. National Weather Service stated on Sunday that severe thunderstorms are expected to occur from east Texas through far southeast Iowa, Illinois and into central Arkansas. A strong tornado with damaging winds is also possible from central Arkansas and central Missouri. The National Weather Service has issued a tornado watch for certain parts of Arkansas and Kansas, Louisiana, Missouri and Oklahoma. A deadly spring storm that swept across the U.S. from Texas to Ohio caused tornadoes, heavy rains, and even a few deaths in the South and Midwest. (Reporting and editing by Mary Milliken, Chris Reese and Kanishka Singh from Washington)
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Russia-Ukraine War: US welcomes extension of ceasefire
The U.S. State Department announced on Sunday that it would be happy to see the one-day ceasefire declared by Russian president Vladimir Putin for Easter extended beyond Sunday, despite the Kremlin's earlier statement that there had been no extension order. Both Russia and Ukraine have accused each other of violating the ceasefire. Putin declared a ceasefire for one day in Ukraine, until Sunday midnight Moscow time (2100 GMT). KEY QUOTES "We've seen that President Putin announced a temporary truce due to Easter. In an email statement sent on Sunday, a spokesperson for the State Department said that they remain committed to achieving full and comprehensive peace. As we evaluate their seriousness, we welcome the extension of this punishment beyond Sunday. Why it's important U.S. president Donald Trump Has repeatedly warned about the risk of escalation in the three-year old war that was started by Russia's full scale invasion of its neighbor, and has said he wants the war to end. The U.S. secretary of state has said that the war should be ended. Marco Rubio Washington said that it will abandon efforts to broker a deal for peace if there are no clear signs of progress in the near future. Trump announced that he would sign a mineral deal with Kyiv within a week after the U.S.A. and Ukraine signed a Memorandum of Understanding on Thursday. A failed attempt in February was the result of Zelenskiy and Trump's clash in the Oval Office. CONTEXT Volodymyr Zelenskiy, the Ukrainian president, said that Russia pretended to respect the Easter ceasefire but in reality, it had continued hundreds of artillery assaults Saturday night and more on Sunday. Russia's Defence Ministry claimed that Ukraine violated the ceasefire and caused damage to civilians and infrastructure. Putin wants Ukraine to give up its NATO ambitions and permanently cede the four lost regions to Russia. He also wants to limit its army size. Kyiv claims that these demands amount to a demand for its capitulation.
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Congo suspends the former President Kabila's Political Party
The government of the Democratic Republic of Congo has suspended the political party of former President Joseph Kabila and ordered the seizure of his assets over allegations that he supported rebels in eastern Congo backed by Rwanda. The 53-year old, who ruled the country from 2001 to 2019 and only stepped aside after violent protests against him, said that he wanted to return to Congo in order to find a resolution to the conflict. In a statement issued late Saturday, the interior ministry stated that his party had been suspended for assisting the M23 rebels. The justice ministry also said assets of his and other leaders would be confiscated after acts deemed high treason. In both statements, prosecutors were instructed to begin proceedings against him. However, no specific accusations were made. Kabila did not respond immediately. In a letter to the editor, Ferdinand Kambere (secretary of his Party for Reconstruction and Democracy) called the suspension of its members a flagrant breach of Congo's Constitution and Laws. Since the beginning of this year, the M23 has taken control of two major cities located in the mineral rich east. The conflict in this region dates back to the Rwandan genocide of 1994 and the struggle over minerals. Kabila took power in the aftermath of his father's death and refused to leave when his term ended in 2016. Since then, he has lived in several African countries. (Writing Jessica Donati Editing Sofia Christensen, Andrew Cawthorne and Andrew Cawthorne).
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Shenghe, a Chinese rare earths processor, sees a minimal impact of the US feedstock ban
Shenghe Resources, a Chinese company, said that the suspension of shipments from its U.S. partners of rare earth raw concentrator will not have a significant impact on production because of the company's diverse supply chain. MP Materials, the owner of the U.S.'s only rare earths mine said that it has stopped shipping these vital minerals to China due to the 125% tariffs Beijing imposed on U.S. imports as a retaliation against U.S. tariffs imposed on Chinese goods by President Donald Trump. Rare earths is a grouping of 17 metals which are used in the production of magnets for electric cars, mobile phones and other electronic devices. China, the dominant producer in the world, halted this month exports of rare earths that were added to an export control list as a form of retaliation. MP Materials, which is a major player in the rare earths industry, imports large quantities of concentrate from other countries to feed its processing plants. Shenghe stated in a press release that "we have created a diversified channel of supply for rare earth raw materials. We use monazite as an alternative to Sichuan, and we also supply other countries." "The supply agreement with MP remains valid." Shenghe did not provide details. In January 2024, the company and MP Materials renewed a offtake agreement through Shenghe’s subsidiary in Singapore. The agreement will remain in place for two years but can be extended by another year. Customs data show that China's imports from the U.S. of rare earth raw material have declined for the past two years. They fell by 13.7% last year and 16.9% in 2023.
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VEB, a Russian copper mining company, will invest $13.4 billion in the country's Far East
The Russian government announced on Saturday that the state-owned development bank VEB would invest over 1.1 trillion Russian roubles (about $13.40 billion) in order to develop a mine of copper in Chukotka, in the extreme east of the nation. A government press release stated that the development of Baimskaya, which was discovered in 1972, will create 6,000 jobs, and generate tax revenues in excess of three trillion roubles. Chukotka, the easternmost federal subject in Russia, is a mountainous area. Around half of the region is above the Arctic Circle. Once operational, the deposit will increase Russia's gold production by 4% and copper production by 25%. "We continue to build not just a mining and processing plant, but a powerful and technologically-advanced industrial complex that will strengthen Russia's position in the global market and become a new point of growth in the Arctic," said Georgy Fotin, general director of the Baimskaya Management Company LLC. Vladimir Putin named the Arctic region as one of Russia’s most important economic interests. He has also increased commerce through the Northern Sea Route, as Moscow has shifted trade away from Europe and towards Asia due to Western sanctions. The government announced on Saturday that the development of the Baimskaya deposit would increase the annual cargo traffic along NSR by two million metric tonnes. $1 = 82.1000 Russian Roubles (Reporting and editing by Kirby Donovan; Lucy Papachristou)
As plastic treaty talks open, countries more divided than ever
Nations are under pressure to make progress on a firstever worldwide plastics treaty this week, however they deal with tense settlements in the Canadian capital with celebrations deeply divided over what the treaty should include as talks start on Tuesday.
If federal governments can agree on a legally binding treaty that addresses not simply how plastics are disposed of, but likewise how much plastic is produced and how it is used, the treaty could become the most considerable pact to deal with international climate-warming emissions since the 2015 Paris Contract.
The production of plastics accounts for some 5% of environment emissions and might grow to 20% by 2050 unless restricted, according to a report last week from the U.S. federal Lawrence Berkeley National Lab.
When countries concurred in 2022 to work out a lawfully binding treaty by the end of this year, they called for addressing the full lifecycle of plastics - from production and usage to waste.
But as settlements begin in Ottawa, there is staunch opposition from the petrochemical lobby and some governments based on fossil fuels to restricting production or banning particular chemicals.
Countless delegates, including negotiators, lobbyists and non-profit observers, were expected at the Ottawa summit, the fourth negotiating round ahead of a last contract due in December - making this one of the fastest U.N.-led treaty efforts to date.
They were greeted by protesters staging a die-in - laying down and pretending they are dead - on Tuesday early morning across from the negotiations' place.
This procedure is without doubt a sped up and ambitious one, due to the fact that we do not have decades to act, stated Inger Andersen, executive director of the United Nations Environment Program.
DEEP DIVISIONS
The chair of the Ottawa negotiations told he prepared to split national delegates into seven working groups today to work on unsettled issues, including what the treaty ought to consist of and how it must be implemented.
Time is not our finest ally, stated top chair Luis Vayas Valdivieso, who is also Ecuador's vice minister of foreign affairs.
Steven Guilbeault, Canada's environment minister, told the opening plenary: We now require to limit the alternatives, identify where there is growing agreement and materialize progress on the agreement, adding that the pact needs to develop targets and get rid of unnecessary single-use plastics and chemicals.
During the last treaty talks in November in Nairobi, there was strong assistance from 130 governments for requiring business to divulge how much plastic they produce, and which chemicals they use in the process.
With plastics production on track to triple by 2060, supporters say such disclosures are a fundamental primary step in controlling damaging plastic waste-- the vast majority of which winds up as trash ruining landscapes, blocking waterways or in landfill - and damaging public health.
Practically a fifth of the world's plastic waste is burned, which releases high quantities of carbon emissions. Less than 10% of it is recycled, according to U.N. data.
Nevertheless, a handful of fossil fuel-dependent countries calling themselves the Similar Countries have actually refuted limiting production or banning certain chemicals. The group, which includes Saudi Arabia, Russia and China, states the treaty must focus just on tracking plastic waste.
The position is shared by the petrochemical industry.
We are looking at the arrangement to speed up actions that market is already doing on its own, such as enhancing recycling and revamping plastic items, stated Stewart Harris, a representative for the International Council of Chemical Associations.
Saudi officials declined to comment. The state-owned oil business Saudi Aramco has said it plans by 2030 to be sending out nearly one-third of its produced oil to petrochemical plants to make plastics.
China, which produces approximately a 3rd of the world's. plastic, has actually always connected excellent value to the control of. plastic contamination and is willing to deal with other nations to. make joint development in negotiations, Chinese foreign ministry. representative Lin Jian stated.
In the opening session, essential regional blocs laid out some key. components they wish to see in a treaty.
The Asia Pacific group said that countries should. get financial and technical support for waste management. facilities as they take on brand-new commitments under the. arrangement.
The Africa group called for the creation of a brand-new. multilateral fund to help establishing countries meet brand-new. commitments under a treaty and called attention to the truth that. the continent has ended up being a target for illegal trade of plastic. waste and urged arbitrators to prioritize waste prevention and. reduction before non-toxic waste recycling and disposals.
ARGUING FOR ASPIRATION
It is uncertain whether most of nations requesting for. production limitations can encourage the holdouts to support such a. measure. Ecological groups and scientists state production. limits are important.
More plastic production indicates more plastic contamination, said. Bjorn Beeler, international coordinator of the International. Toxins Elimination Network.
That point was highlighted in a letter published on Tuesday. by 30 scientists making up the Scientists Union, who have. informed arbitrators that caps on plastic production are the only. way to deal with the issue and called on industry to supply. in-depth figures for production and reveal the chemicals they. usage to allow more effective recycling of components.
The most significant generator of plastic waste, the U.S., has. refrained from joining the negotiating blocs. Steps proposed. by U.S. arbitrators consist of needing nations to deal with. specific chemicals that have raised public health issues as. well as single use plastic items that are considered inefficient.
A State Department authorities informed the U.S. delegation. wanted the treaty to be enthusiastic in its objectives-- but to let. governments decide how they would reach those objectives, comparable to. the structure of the Paris Climate Arrangement.
More than 60 nations making up the so-called High-Ambition. Coalition, consisting of European Union members, Mexico, Australia,. Japan and Rwanda - and most recently Ukraine, are also arguing. for a strong treaty that deals with production and needs. openness and controls for chemicals utilized in the process.
However unlike the U.S., they argue the treaty must impose. international measures and targets rather than a system of nationwide. action plans.
Some Democratic U.S. lawmakers, consisting of a delegation. participating in the opening of the negotiations, called on the U.S. to. join the coalition and assistance stricter procedures, even if. Congress will not validate the treaty.
The Paris design is a wanting well method where you. hope that simply having conversations will take us down a path of. decreasing plastic contamination, Oregon Senator Jeff Merkley told. . A treaty needs to include binding obligations and. constraints..
(source: Reuters)