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Russell: Crude oil will be driven by geopolitics and mismatch in supply-demand over the long-term, not by crude oil itself.

Two long-term shifts will affect the global crude oil markets, including how cargoes are transported and priced.

First, it is a question of supply and demand. The vast majority of growth in demand comes from Asia while the growth in supply comes primarily from Americas outside the United States.

Second, energy markets are increasingly influenced by political factors. This increases the risk that large blocks of supply will be cut off from the demand centers. As Europe has seen in its decision to stop buying Russian oil after Moscow's invasion into Ukraine.

The oil market will be forced to adapt to these two factors, including longer vessel journeys, the need to obtain suitable crude for refinery configurations, and pricing new flows.

Analysts from Argus media presented a presentation at this week's APPEC oil meeting in Singapore that highlighted the shift to new production coming out of Americas.

Argus reported that crude from the Americas represented 85% of the incremental supply globally from non-OPEC non-OPEC from 2024 until 2030. This amounted 3.63 million barrels a day (bpd).

The United States is expected to increase its output only modestly in the coming years, despite being the largest oil producer in the world.

Canada, Brazil and Guyana are the largest contributors, followed by Argentina, Suriname and Suriname. Mexico's contribution is expected to decline as the fields mature.

Argus reported that the East of Suez market is the most likely to see a demand increase, with India expected to lead the way with a gain of 2,000,000 bpd between 2024 and 2030.

China, on the other hand, is expected to lose 100,000 bpd due to its rapid electrification of its fleet.

Argus predicts that oil demand will rise by 1 million bpd from 2024 to 30 in the Middle East and Africa, as well as by 600,000 bpd for Latin America.

The East of Suez market is expected to grow at 90%, which is the most important thing.

According to commodity analysts Kpler, there is evidence that flows are increasing from the Americas towards Asia. Volumes reached a record quarterly high of 4,09 million bpd during the period of April to June.

The second quarter saw an increase of 3.6 million barrels per day (bpd) compared to the first. This meant that Asia's seaborne oil imports were about 16% derived from oil imported from the Americas.

CHALLENGES

It's reasonable to assume that moving crude oil from the Americas into Asia, even though it will cost more, is feasible.

The new grades are more difficult to deal with, as they tend to be lighter and sweeter with the exceptions of Canada's heavy oil.

There will likely be an excess of sweet, light crudes, at a moment when electrification is increasing and the demand for gasoline, which is the main product of such grades, is decreasing.

How much oil will cost if more oil is moved from America to Asia?

Will West Texas Intermediate (WTI), the benchmark for light crude, become more important than Brent? Or will cargoes be priced more based on the delivered to Asia basis instead?

How will geopolitics affect crude markets in the long term?

Donald Trump, the president of the United States, has made it very clear that energy is a tool he uses to achieve his political goals. He makes commitments to purchase U.S. crude oil and liquefied gas a key part of any trade negotiations he holds with other countries.

While this could boost the purchases of U.S. oil by countries who have signed deals, like Japan and South Korea; it will also mean that countries without an agreement, like China and India, would likely shun U.S. fuel.

Although crude markets are free of politics, there is a good chance that they will become more polarised over the next few years. Importing nations may be forced to choose between Trump-approved suppliers and those who he does not approve.

Trump's ability to change allegiances quickly could complicate oil flow while he is in office.

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These are the views of the columnist, who is also an author. (Editing by Stephen Coates).

(source: Reuters)