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US tariffs to cripple India’s diamond industry, affecting jobs and exports

Surat's diamond polishing centre is experiencing a wave of anxiety as the U.S. Tariffs threaten the gem and jewellery exports of India, putting the livelihoods of tens of thousands workers at risk.

The United States, who takes over 30% of South Asia's gems and jewellery exports set a reciprocal tariff of 27% on it on Friday, as demand in other important markets, such as China and the Middle East and Europe, is easing.

Dinesh Nadiya is the chairman of Indian Diamond Institute in Surat. He said that tariffs would have a major impact on the demand for diamonds. Job losses are likely to occur, at least over the short-term.

Surat, Gujarat's second largest city, is the home of Narendra Modi. It processes and polishes 80% of all rough diamonds in the world. India accounts for 9 out of 10 diamonds that are processed worldwide.

The diamond market has come to a standstill, with more than 10,000 traders and broker gathering each day to try to determine how the situation will develop in the next few months.

Mansukh Mangukiya has been a diamond dealer for over 50 years. He said that the current conditions are even worse than the financial crisis of 2008.

Sevanti Shah of Venus Jewels said that smaller manufacturers would be the most affected by a slowdown. "Many will have to close down."

In fiscal year 2023/24, India exported gems and jewelry worth $32 billion to the United States, which amounted to nearly $10 billion or 30.4% of that total.

Third largest export to U.S.

India exports gems and jewellery to the United States in third place after electronic and engineering goods. This sector employs millions of people, including artisans.

The Surat Diamond Bourse was inaugurated in 2023 by Modi to create thousands of jobs and act as a hub for trade. However, the business outlook is not good.

It was billed as the largest office building in the world, surpassing even the Pentagon.

Diamond dealers stated that the industry would seek to find alternative markets in order to compensate for the lost demand from the U.S.

Shaunak Parikh said that the sudden drop in demand for rough diamonds could result in a reduction of imports.

Parikh stated that exporters are trying to get as much cargo to the United States as they can before the new tariffs go into effect. Orders that cannot be delivered sooner may be cancelled, or put on hold.

Vipul Shah said that the tariffs will also increase U.S. diamond prices and crimp demand.

Chetan Navadiya is facing an uncertain future as a diamond producer turned contractor.

Navadiya stated, "I lost my company due to the slowdown in the market." "I had to take on job work in order to survive. But even these contracts may not arrive by now because of U.S. tariffs."

(source: Reuters)