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China builds up a crude-oil war chest amid Middle East tensions, says Russell

China continues to accumulate crude oil stocks, despite the fact that it refines less crude oil than it can produce or import.

The world's largest oil importer can now buy less in the coming months, as prices rise due to Middle East tensions.

Calculations based on data from the Chinese government show that the surplus crude in China reached 1.4 million barrels a day (bpd), the third consecutive month where it was above the 1,000,000 bpd mark.

Since June 13, when Israel launched airstrikes against Iran, Tehran has responded with missiles and drones.

Brent futures have risen almost 6% in the last week since the end of June, to around $73.58 per barrel on Tuesday.

Refineries in China have reacted to rapid increases in crude oil prices by reducing their imports or using stored oil.

Due to the two-month lag between cargoes being arranged and their delivery, any reduction in China's imports is likely to be noticeable only from August.

China's ability to reduce imports and lower prices is not dependent on the crude oil price.

China does not reveal the volume of crude oil flowing in or out of its strategic and commercial stockspiles. However, an estimate can still be made if you subtract the amount of crude oil that is available through imports and domestic production from the total crude.

According to data released by the government on Monday, refiners processed 13.92 millions bpd during May. This is down from 14.12million bpd recorded in April, and 1.8% less than one year ago.

In May, crude imports fell to 10.97 million barrels per day (bpd) from 11.69 in April. Domestic production rose slightly to 4.35 in May from 4.31 in April.

After subtracting the refinery output of 13.92 millions bpd, the total crude oil available for refiners is 15.32 million barrels per day. This leaves a surplus of about 1.4 million barrels per day.

The surplus crude was 990,000 barrels per day (bpd) in the first five of the year. This is up from 880,000 barrels per day for the first four.

China's refiners used up their inventories for the first time since 18 months in the first two-month period of 2025. They processed around 30,000 bpd per day more than they could get from crude imports or domestic production.

The massive surpluses of March, April and may have reversed this earlier draw.

Not all this excess crude has likely been stored, as some is processed in plants that are not included in the official data.

Even if you ignore the gaps in official data, there is no doubt that since March China has imported crude oil at a rate far greater than what it requires to meet its own domestic fuel needs.

Imports, Prices

The strong crude imports that LSEG Oil Research expects to arrive in June of 11,72 million bpd is a good indication of the price-sensitive nature of China's refiners.

The increase is due to the decline in crude oil prices since the cargoes for June would have been purchased.

Brent futures fell from a six week high of $75.47 per barrel on April 2, to a low of $58.50 per barrel, a four year low on May 5. This prompted Chinese refiners sucking up cargoes.

The majority of these shipments are expected to arrive in June and early July, giving the impression that China's demand for crude oil is improving.

The weak numbers for refinery processing show that China may be storing crude.

Due to the high prices due to Middle East tensions it is likely that refiners would also cut their purchases and seek discounted oil from sanctioned suppliers such as Russia and Iran.

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These are the views of the columnist, an author for.

(source: Reuters)