Latest News

Gasoline shortages in the US during summer driving season cause problems

The U.S. is entering the peak driving season of summer just as gasoline prices are rising. A tight supply situation has been created by a combination of a strong domestic demand, and a surge in fuel exports.

The soaring summer demand for American automobiles has not deterred U.S. refiners, who are increasingly focusing on lucrative jet and diesel fuel production in order to fill global shortages due to shipping disruptions along the Strait of Hormuz. This critical passageway is responsible for?nearly one fifth of all global oil flows. It has been effectively closed since the start of the Iran War. Analysts are warning that a shortage is imminent, as U.S. demand for gasoline has been strong despite the fact that pump prices in the U.S. have risen by 40% since war began and hovered above $4. Some analysts worry that U.S. refining plants may not be able run at full capacity due to the recent increase in unplanned outages.

By the end of Memorial Day weekend, the cushion of gasoline that had been built up during the winter months when demand was low in the U.S. evaporated. The peak U.S. summer vacation season typically runs from early September until the end of May.

According to government statistics, the gasoline inventory in the first week of this month fell to its lowest level for a decade, to just 215.1 millions barrels. Since the start of the war, inventories have fallen by over 34 million barrels. In May, distillate fuel oil stocks fell to their lowest level in 23 years. This leaves the supply vulnerable to further shocks.

Analysts warn that the total demand for U.S. produced fuel could reach 9.5 million barrels per day this summer. Fuel makers can currently produce 9.2 million barrels per day. "Balances would be extremely tight because the (refining) margins incentives still support jet-fuel and we all know that Middle Eastern refining companies are not returning quickly," said Sumit Ritolia, Kpler's lead analyst in charge of refining supply.

The negliding child, GASOLINE

The U.S. refiners are less dependent on Middle Eastern crude oil than their Asian and European counterparts. They can maximize the distillate production to achieve strong margins. The EIA reported this week that the average four-week production of jet fuel in the United States surpassed 2,000,000 barrels a day for the very first time.

In May, the U.S. export 54.65 millions barrels of jet fuel and diesel fuel. This is the highest number in Kpler's data dating back to 2017. In May, the U.S. exported 22.52 millions barrels of gasoline, an increase from 20.10million barrels in April.

Tamas Varga is an analyst with PVM Oil Associates. He said, "Gasoline has been left as the stepchild in the refinery schedule." In the past, the U.S. relied on European imports to ease regional gasoline shortages. This option has become logistically more difficult and is less cost-effective. Fuel supplies in Europe are also limited, and freight rates have risen due to the blockage of the Strait of Hormuz.

Tom Kloza is the chief energy advisor at Gulf Oil. He said that even if exports remain where they are, and do not rise to meet the urgent needs of other countries, it would be possible to reduce gasoline inventories by two or three million barrels per week in summer. Even if refineries run at full capacity, the refined product supply will remain tight.

Analysts wonder if refiners can continue to run their plants at high speeds to maintain these margins. U.S. refiners operated their plants at 95.3% capacity in the first seven days of June, the highest level in almost a year.

Raul Calzada is a refining analyst with Energy Aspects. He said that there are reports of planned maintenance for the fall being postponed or reduced in scope. Calzada said, "If you delay maintenance, you may have to pay later."

According to IIR Energy, cracks are beginning to appear. April saw the most unplanned refinery outages on average in the past five years. This equates to roughly 483,000 barrels of crude oil processing capacity per day being offline. Reporting by Nicole Jao, New York; editing by Liz Hampton and David Gregorio

(source: Reuters)