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Interior Secretary Burgum: US wants to issue deep sea mining permits in a few months
The Trump administration announced on Monday that it was close to approving permits to'mine' the deep sea as part of an broader effort to increase U.S. access to the vital minerals needed across the U.S. economy. Interior Secretary Doug Burgum told a G20 gathering in Houston of energy ministers that the permits could be issued within months, as the administration pursues its strategy of "energy add" to expand the supply chains of the country and its allies. Donald Trump, since returning to office in 2017, has taken steps to bolster the deep-sea mine industry. However, he still hasn't issued operational permits to allow it to move forward. Many environmentalists are concerned that seabed mining could lead to irreversible biodiversity losses. The Pacific Ocean, and other parts of the world are believed to have large quantities of polymetallic nodules (potato-shaped rocks) that can be used as building blocks for electronic vehicles, weapons and electronics. Burgum stated that "those nodules we have to vacuum up from the sea floor (are filled with?critical minerals we need." Burgum said that part of the solution is to ensure that we have a diverse, reliable, and affordable supply of essential minerals. In the last 18 months, U.S. exports of critical minerals, especially those processed in China by Chinese companies, have been limited as Beijing limits its exports. This has increased pressure on Washington, which is now urging it to support efforts to increase domestic mining. Burgum responded to Burgum's question about when the federal government could issue permits for deep-sea diving: "Those discussions are taking place right now." He added that "you'll hear more in the coming weeks and months because there's exciting developments on that front." Burgum's Interior Department supervises the Marine Minerals Administration which must approve all?permits for mining?U.S. Territorial waters. The MMA review would begin with a lease to allow private companies to have exclusive access to a part of the seabed. Then, a review process would be conducted to determine if an operational permit was needed. This would include a variety of scientific data. Separately Trump wants the Commerce Department to issue international permits. This could lead to a conflict with the United Nations' International Seabed Authority, which has tried to set standards for more than 25 year. The Metals Company, a privately-held company, and Impossible Metals are among the companies that have requested permits for seabed mining. Other companies have also applied for exploration permits.
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Texas penalizes data centers for violating water laws
On Monday, the 'governor' of Texas, a state that is one of the fastest-growing areas for artificial intelligence infrastructure, instructed'state regulators to penalize any data centers who fail to provide details regarding their water usage. Texas, which has halted new data center connections to the state's?electrical grid, pending an assessment of the facilities' water and power use, amongst other issues, re-examines its regulations for server warehouses. Governor Greg Abbott has directed the Texas Water Development Board to "impose legal consequences" to data centers and large water-using entities that fail to report their water usage. Abbott's office issued a statement saying that "major water users including data centers appear to have violated civil and criminal laws by failing to provide TWDB the required information about water usage." The 'Texas water regulator tries to survey data centres about their 'water use and consumption expectations. The data center will be denied new or renewed environmental permits if it fails to submit the survey by the deadline.
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Interior Secretary: US oil export ban unlikely lower energy prices
U.S. Interior Secretary Doug Burgum stated on Monday that a ban on U.S. fuel or oil exports was unlikely to help lower energy prices for consumers in the midst of the Iran War. Burgum, speaking to reporters at the G20 meeting on energy in Houston, said: "We'd consider an export prohibition if it actually could lower prices. But that's not true." Burgum, a Trump appointee, stated that a ban on the export of oil, gasoline, or diesel could result in retaliatory measures from other countries. This could harm consumers in California, whose energy imports are largely dependent on. Burgum stated, "We stopped exporting products, and then someone said, "We're not going to export to California." Burgum stated that California has already shut down several oil refineries which has contributed to the rise in fuel prices. Burgum stated that California already has the highest gas and diesel prices in the nation due to their policies. We don't want to make it worse. The Trump administration has run out of options to reduce prices for diesel and oil, which recently reached a record-high above $6 per gallon, and are even higher in California. The White House is considering how it can use the Cold War Defense Production Act in order to increase U.S. refinery capacity.
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US EPA will undo carbon emissions limits for power plants during G20 meeting
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency announced Monday rules to repeal former President?Joe Biden?s limits on carbon emission from coal-and-gas-fired power stations and to prevent future climate regulations of these facilities. The move is part President Donald Trump’s effort to undo U.S. Climate Policy, which his administration claims has hampered energy production. The announcement was made at the sidelines of the G20 Energy Ministers' meeting in Houston this week, where global officials will discuss "regulatory efficiencies," expanding baseload power, and energy security. EPA Administrator Lee Zeldin stated that 'new measures to prevent future regulation on greenhouse gas emissions in the power sector would enable the U.S. build new generating infrastructure to meet the skyrocketing demand for electricity. He said that the Americans have demanded more common sense from federal agencies under President Trump’s leadership at a press conference held in Houston. "That means reducing red tape so that we can build a new power-generating system." Environmental groups slammed this new proposal. They said that it would be more expensive in terms of damage to the public and the environment. Nearly a quarter (25%) of U.S. emissions are attributed to the electricity sector. In June 2017, the Trump administration proposed to repeal regulations written by Biden that would have reduced emissions of mercury, carbon dioxide and other air pollutants at power plants. Biden's carbon emissions rules for power plants would reduce greenhouse gas emissions by one billion metric tonnes by 2047 as part of his administration’s fight against climate changes. This rule would have required that coal-fired power stations and new natural gas-fired generators install equipment to capture emissions in the next decade before they reach the atmosphere. This requirement made zero-emissions options like solar and wind attractive. Denying the existence of climate pollution that accounts for a quarter in the United States is reckless. Maggie Coulter said on Monday that it would 'lead to greater suffering and loss of life from extreme heatwaves, severe storms and destructive 'wildfires', similar to those we have seen this summer. According to a report by a reporter, Under Secretary of Energy Kyle Haustveit said that the new regulations would boost 'coal-fired electric power in the U.S. which has been steadily declining due to the availability and cheaper natural gas. He said, "President Trump has ended the war against beautiful, clean coal." "Coal has many advantages: it is affordable, reliable and secure."
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VTB sanctions imposed by the U.S.
Treasury Department: The United States imposed Iran-related Sanctions on Monday against?Russia's VTB Bank Public Joint Stock Company accusing it of involvement in Iranian sanctions evasion. Washington is seeking to increase economic pressure on Tehran. This action is a continuation of the sanctions that were imposed in 2022 against VTB, Russia’s second largest?lender. The bank was targeted following Moscow's full-scale invasion into Ukraine. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent stated that "Under Operation Economic Outcast Treasury will continue to target those who provide material or financial support to the Iranian regime to enable it to maintain its terrorist enterprise." Treasury will not tolerate any regime support and will continue to expose and isolate Iran’s "enablers." Bessent warned that the Trump administration will sanction a "large bank" as it continues to exert economic pressure on Tehran in order to end a six-month conflict between the U.S. and Iran. Since the conflict began in February, the 'United States' has taken a number of economic measures to target Iran, including oil exports, shipping networks, channels for weapons procurement, financial intermediaries and digital asset exchanges.
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European shares fall on AI concerns and inflation fears
European shares dropped on Monday, as technology stocks were under pressure following leaders of top AI companies who pushed for a slower pace of development. Meanwhile, a surge in global bond yields and oil prices dampened risk appetite. The pan-European STOXX 600 index was down by 0.5%, at 635.99. The majority of regional markets fell, but London and Zurich's indices rose by 0.4% and 0.8% respectively. As AI-linked stocks fell globally, technology shares were among the worst performers, falling 2.1%. Dario Amodei, CEO of Anthropic, called for companies to halt the advancements in AI models due to misuse concerns. This view was backed by xAI’s Elon Musk as well as OpenAI CEO Sam Altman. The STOXX 600 was led by the French chipmaker Soitec, which fell 12.5%. However, software stocks gained. Octave Intelligence, Capgemini, Sage and Relx all rose between 5% and 75%. Chris Beauchamp is the chief analyst at IG. He said, "These stocks were victims of SAASpocalypse on fear AI would wipe their businesses out." "Those fears were exaggerated, but if the AI giants put their foot down, the outlook for revenue for Sage, RELX, and their SAAS brothers globally becomes much brighter. Even if this only delays a long-term loss of biz." European miners declined 2.5% as a result of the weakness in commodity prices. Healthcare stocks rose 2.7%, bucking the trend. GSK grew by 4.7% following the positive results of two lung cancer drugs. This added to the momentum in this sector. Energy stocks fell 0.8% but crude prices rose 2% as supply concerns increased after new strikes on Saudi energy infrastructure, and attacks against ships in the Middle East. Recent oil prices have heightened inflation concerns, which has led to expectations that central banks around the world could raise interest rates this year. The European economies are especially vulnerable to rising oil prices, as they heavily rely on imports. ECB policymakers warned 'on Monday' that euro zone inflation may exceed high forecasts. Traders now price in an additional 25 basis-point ECB rate increase by the end of the year after last?week?s rate hike. Government bond yields soared as a result of the developments. The 10-year bund - considered to be the benchmark for the region - was at its highest level since mid 2009. The benchmark U.S. 10-year Treasury yields also rose to a psychologically important level of 5%. The U.S. Federal Reserve is widely expected to raise its main lending rate by at least 25 basis point this week --?in stark contrast to the split chances between a hike or a pause that were seen only a week earlier. After a close election, which reduced the influence of the far right, Sweden's opposition centre-left appeared most likely to win power on Monday.
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German Finance Minister demands UniCredit CEO to meet certain conditions regarding possible Commerzbank acquisition
On Monday, German Finance Minister Lars Klingbeil outlined a list of demands to UniCredit CEO Andrea Orcel regarding the possible acquisition of Commerzbank by the Italian bank. The German Ministry of Finance said that these included Commerzbank staying listed on the stock market, maintaining its base in Frankfurt, and continuing to fund German medium-sized businesses?at home as well as abroad. After Berlin failed to stop a takeover, the meeting in Berlin marked an important turning point in the two-year struggle for control of Germany's largest bank. Klingbeil said, "In a productive discussion with Mr. Orcel I made it clear to him that future negotiations should be conducted responsibly." Orcel stated in a press release that the meeting was "a good and constructive first discussion that will be quickly followed by others." He said, "Both sides should now reflect on this initial discussion to find a way forward that is in the best interests of all stakeholders and shareholders."
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The UK government is looking to buy out an insolvent steel specialist
The British government announced on Monday that it was drafting a plan to buy Speciality Steel UK, a manufacturer who formerly supplied the automotive, aero, and defence industries and entered liquidation at the end of August 2025. Speciality Steel was a part of Liberty Steel before it went into liquidation. Liberty Steel is owned by the commodities tycoon Sanjeev Gupta. The government announced that it was moving toward public ownership, after it decided it couldn't support a private sector bid. This company?has locations in Northern and Central England and supports more than 1,300 jobs. "We don't interfere in private companies lightly." "We cannot simply sit back and let the future of this company and its 1,300 employees be decided by default," said Jonathan Reynolds, business minister. Working towards public acquisition 'will keep options open while we work with workers, local leaders, industry, and investors to determine the best?long-term?"future? for these sites." The government stated that any purchase would be subject to a due diligence process and would be funded by existing government budgets. The government did not specify how much an acquisition might cost.
Andy Home: Rio Tinto is betting lithium will remain the battery metal of choice.
The lithium market is a difficult one to be in as the metal has been weighed down by an excess of supply.
The price of lithium hydroxide has fallen by 90% since its peak in 2022 and shows no signs of recovering. According to Wood Mackenzie, multiple producers now operate at negative or zero margins. Albemarle is the world's biggest producer of battery metal. They have cut costs and delayed new projects in order to survive the supply crisis.
Rio Tinto is not deterred. Rio Tinto, the global mining company, remains "consistent" in its belief that lithium will have a long-term future. The company has put its money where it speaks, acquiring U.S. producer Arcadium at a cost of $6.7 billion. It also partnered with Chilean state entities for two projects.
Rio believes that despite the current market dejection, demand will be sufficient to absorb current excesses and bring the market back into deficit by the end of the decade.
In a rapidly changing landscape, it's a good bet to say that lithium will continue to dominate the battery metal market.
Low Price, High Demand
Lithium prices are weak because of the oversupply on the market.
According to the International Energy Agency, global lithium production will grow by more than 35% per year in 2024. Chinese companies are not interested in cutting production and new mines continue to ramp up.
However, the supply tsunami masks the strength in lithium demand. According to the IEA, global consumption grew 30% last year. This is equivalent to the global market size in 2018.
Electric vehicles (EVs) are in good health. They are the largest users of lithium-ion battery technology. According to Rho Motion, the sales of new energy vehicles increased by 25 percent last year and by 29 percent in the first three months of this year. The use of lithium in energy storage systems has increased even more as the global power system pivots towards cleaner, but intermittent energy sources like solar and wind.
Rio Tinto expects the demand to increase at a rate of 10% or more annually through 2040.
DOMINANT METAL
This scenario is primarily threatened by a change in battery chemistry, as manufacturers strive to make batteries that are cheaper and more efficient.
The use of more expensive metals in batteries, such as nickel and cobalt, has declined dramatically. However, lithium remains the most dominant element.
Adamas Intelligence reports that the amount of nickel and copper deployed in new energy cars in March was only up by 12% and 2% respectively year-on-year. The deployment of lithium was up 30%, which is the same as overall EV growth.
But the battle for battery materials is not over. The Chinese company CATL is leading the way in developing sodium-ion battery technology. The latest iteration, Naxtra, will almost match in efficiency the lithium iron phosphate (LFP) batteries that are displacing nickel-manganese-cobalt (NCM) chemistries.
Robin Zeng, the billionaire founder of CATL, believes that sodium-ion battery could replace up to 50% of the LFP market.
The IEA, however, is less certain, stating that the sodium-ion battery is most competitive when lithium prices are high, which is not what we have at present.
Lithium’s low cost may be the best way to fight off competition from other materials.
The battery price is also falling, resulting in new energy vehicles being cheaper.
MARKET ACCELERATOR
According to the IEA, battery pack prices have fallen by 20 percent to a new record low of $115 kilowatt hours in 2024. This is the biggest annual decline since 2017.
Prices across the spectrum of battery metals have soared to record levels, resulting in a drop in the share of cathode materials in battery pack prices from 20% in 2023 to just 10% in 2024.
LFP batteries are 30% cheaper in China than NCM batteries, which are popular on Western markets. European automakers have taken notice. Volkswagen has adopted LFP technology to create a 20,000 euro entry-level electric vehicle for the European market.
The price of electric vehicles has been a major barrier to consumers switching, but that gap is closing.
Market forces can be a powerful counterbalance to tariffs, and the fact that President Donald Trump has scrapped his predecessor's green agenda.
SAFE BET
The metal crown of lithium's battery looks secure for the time being.
The impact of the global EV Revolution and the growing demand for grid-storage solutions will mitigate the impact of sodium-ion battery market share.
The IEA also points out that despite interest in new chemistries the main driver for battery innovation is still the conventional chemistries based upon lithium. Both NCM and LFP technology are constantly improving.
The demand for lithium is growing at a phenomenal rate and all indications are that it will continue in the coming years.
How long it takes for the current surge in supply to translate into a deficit on the market and higher prices depends on how long this current surge continues.
Do not hold your breath. It may take some time.
These are the opinions of the columnist, an author for.
(source: Reuters)