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US auto tariffs threaten global industry with higher prices and job losses

US auto tariffs threaten global industry with higher prices and job losses

The announcement by Donald Trump of a 25% auto import tariff sent shockwaves around the globe on Thursday. Global carmakers warned that prices would rise immediately, and dealers expressed concern about job losses in large auto-exporting nations, including many U.S. allies.

The new tariffs are expected to lead to a second round of large-scale U.S. duties that will be imposed next week. The auto tariffs could increase the cost of an average vehicle by thousands of dollars in the U.S., and dampen demand further at a moment when the industry is already struggling with the transition to electric vehicles. The majority of auto stocks fell on Thursday. Tesla, the U.S. electric vehicle maker, was an exception.

Volkswagen, a German company, said in a press release that "the entire automotive industry will be affected by the consequences. This includes global supply chains as well as companies and customers."

According to GlobalData, the United States imports more cars than any other country in the world, including Canada and Mexico. GlobalData, a research firm, estimates that nearly half of the cars sold in America last year were imported. General Motors shares fell by nearly 7% Thursday afternoon. Ford Motors and Stellantis, which is listed in the United States, also saw a decline of about 3%. Tesla's shares rose by about 5% as Elon Musk’s company is more exposed to tariffs.

Barclays analysts wrote in a report that Trump's tariffs would have a more draconian impact than expected.

The U.S. United Auto Workers and other supporters of Trump's initiatives say that the United States should focus on increasing domestic production. However, the process of moving the facilities could take many years during which time costs would rise and production might drop. The American Automotive Policy Council (which represents the Detroit Three automobile manufacturers) said late Wednesday that the "U.S. Automakers" are committed to Trump's vision to increase automotive production and create jobs in the U.S., and that they will continue to collaborate with the Administration to develop durable policies that benefit Americans.

The AAPC said that it was "critical" to implement the tariffs in a manner that avoided price increases for consumers.

Dealers and consumers may not see any major shortages for some time. Cox Automotive's data shows that dealers had 89 days worth of inventory on their lots at the beginning of March. Some consumers are trying to get their purchases in before the prices begin to increase.

TURMOIL FOR GLOBAL AUTO COMPANIES Europe’s auto industry has called for a deal across the Atlantic to avoid tariffs. Volkswagen, BMW Mercedes-Benz Porsche and Continental all lost $5.93 billion in market value combined on Thursday. The automakers will have to decide whether they want to move more production to the U.S. or absorb the tariff costs. Volvo Cars and Mercedes-Benz, as well as Volkswagen's Audi, Hyundai, and Mercedes-Benz, have all already announced that they would move production. Ferrari, which produces all its cars in Italy will raise prices by up to 10% for some models. Valeo, a French auto parts supplier, said that it had no choice but to raise prices.

BLG Group in Germany, the port logistics provider of one of the busiest auto shipping ports in the world in Bremerhaven said that it planned for a 15% decrease in traffic due to the tariffs. The tariffs will be implemented on April 3 for cars and auto parts, respectively.

HITS TO U.S. MANUFACTURING

Since the 1994 North American Free Trade Agreement that encouraged the development a highly integrated automotive supply chain between U.S.A., Canada, and Mexico, automakers in North America enjoy free trade status. Trump's revised U.S. Mexico-Canada Agreement 2020 imposed new rules in order to encourage regional content production.

Cox Automotive stated that the tariffs would have an immediate effect on production. Cox Automotive expects to see disruption in "virtually" all North American vehicle production by mid-April. This will result in a reduction of roughly 20,000 vehicles per day or 30%.

The White House stated that Trump's tariffs will "protect and strengthen" the U.S. auto industry more than previous deals. Trump imposed 25% tariffs on Mexico and Canada early in March. He then granted a one-month respite for vehicles that met the USMCA's terms. However, the new rules don't extend this.

The White House announced that importers of vehicles made in North America will be able to certify the U.S. component of their vehicle to avoid paying taxes on these components.

Some CEOs privately express a reluctance in making long-term decisions based on a policy that could be short-term, stating a market decline could make Trump change his mind.

Analysts at Bernstein Research stated that "we know the president views the Dow Jones as a barometer of success." It is difficult to gauge the duration of these policies, if they cause a market crash that doesn't appear to be temporary.

(source: Reuters)