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Eni, a company based in Italy, has launched a demonstration plant for the recycling of mixed plastics
Versalis is the chemical division of the Italian energy company Eni. On Thursday, Versalis unveiled a demonstration facility based on a new technology it has developed for the chemical recycling mixed plastic waste. The "Hoop" technology allows for the conversion of mixed plastic waste to a feedstock which can then be used to create new plastic materials that are suitable for any application, including packaging intended to come into contact with food and pharmaceutical packaging. Eni is reorganizing its chemical division, which has been losing money. The European petrochemical industry is struggling with an oversupply. Eni will build a new steam cracker in Priolo, Sicily based on Hoop Technology. Versalis CEO Adriano Alfoni stated that a final investment decision could be made on the new recycling facility in Priolo next year, at an event for the opening of the Mantua demo plant. He added that the new factory might be ready by the start of 2029. Alfani stated that Eni will spend approximately 200 million Euros by 2029 for the plant at Priolo as well as other facilities dedicated to the mechanical recycling of plastic. This sum is part of a 2 billion euro ($2.3 billion) investment plan announced last year by the state-controlled company, which aims to turn Versalis around. In the last five year, Versalis has lost 3 billion euros. The overhaul will include new activities such as plastic recycling, energy storage and bio-refining. It will also involve the closure of several primary petrochemical facilities, including steam crackers. Alfani stated that Versalis may in the future look at spinning off certain businesses, such as its biochemistry company Novamont and taking on minority partners. Novamont's financial performance improved in 2018 compared to 2023, and was close to breaking even at the core profit level. Last year, sources said that Eni waited for Novamont to improve its financial results before re-evaluating the sale of the minority stake.
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Oil, tariffs and wars disrupt central bank's roadmap
Investors are becoming more uneasy about the uncertain economic environment. The shock rate reduction in Norway on Thursday highlighted how U.S. Tariffs, Middle East conflict, and a shaky Dollar make global monetary policies and inflation harder to predict. Norway's crown fell by about 1% in relation to the dollar and euro, indicating how unexpected this move was. Switzerland's central bank, which warned of a cloudy outlook for the global economy, cut its borrowing costs on Thursday to 0%, surprising some traders who expected a return to negative interest rates. A day earlier, the U.S. Federal Reserve had kept interest rates at current levels and Jerome Powell, the chair of the Federal Reserve Board said that "nobody" was confident about the future rate path. Markets must contend with monetary policy uncertainties in the face of geopolitical, trade and other risks. A gauge of volatility expected in European equities reached a two-month peak as stocks fell across the region and government bonds, which are usually safe havens for geopolitical risks, were sold off. Mark Dowding, chief investment officer of RBC Global Asset Management and BlueBay, said: "We are in a period of significant policy and macro-uncertainty." He added that he would not be making active market wagers on the investment portfolios of his group because he could not see a clear interest rate trend. Investors said that volatility was on the rise because geopolitical factors such as a volatile dollar and fluctuating oil prices made it difficult for central banks to give investors and markets a clear roadmap. T.S. Davide Oneglia, director of European and Global Macro at Lombard. BROKEN MODELS The Fed is not the only central bank that has cut rates. It also faces inflationary threats from President Donald Trump’s tariffs. The dollar, which is the backbone of global trade, commodity values and asset valuations has become weaker and volatile due to trade war stress, and anxiety about government debt. Nick Rees, Monex Europe's head of Macro Research and a specialist in macroeconomics, said: "That is a massive shift that has occurred on the global markets. Everyone is trying to evaluate it." All of the standard economic rules that we use to forecast are totally broken right now. The dollar has fallen almost 9% this year against other major currencies, but it has also risen since the war between Israel and Iran broke out. Francois Villeroy de Galhau, a policymaker at the European Central Bank, said that if the volatility in oil prices continues for a long time, then it may be necessary to adjust its rate-cutting plans. Analysts said that the new status quo of markets could be a period of central bank surprises, which would create rapid shifts to market narratives, asset pricing, and volatility trends. Oneglia stated that "we're entering a new cycle where variables are more volatile because events and human factors play a major role, and not just monetary policy, which is easily predictable." Kit Juckes, Societe Generale’s head of FX Strategy, said that Norway’s surprise cut was due to the fact that the Norwegian crown had been a “runaway top currency” during the trade war era. The Swiss franc is soaring, as investors search for alternative wealth stores that do not use U.S. dollar. This has led to a drop in import costs and pushed the economy towards deflation. The franc rose on Thursday against the dollar, as traders believed that the SNB's cuts were too small to prevent deflation. Ninety One's multi-assets head John Stopford stated that the risk of global stock prices increasing was a concern and that options that offer protection against incoming volatility appeared to be fairly inexpensive. He bought bonds in countries where rates and inflation could drop materially. For example, New Zealand. But he was against longer-dated U.S. Treasuries, and German Bunds, where the economic uncertainty is higher, and borrowing by government will likely increase. After investors relaxed over tariffs, global stocks are still almost 20% higher than their April lows. Stopford stated that there is more to be concerned about in the near term. Stopford continued, "The stock exchange feels like a thatched home in a hot land with a high fire risk. People aren't charging a lot to insure this house."
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Dollar up, stocks down as Middle East War sparks safe-haven trade
The dollar rose and global stocks fell on Thursday as investors sought perceived safe havens amid growing concerns about possible U.S. participation in the Israel-Iran war air battle, which has fueled a rise in oil prices this week. Donald Trump, on the geopolitical side, kept the world guessing as to whether the United States will join Israel in its bombardment of Iranian nukes sites. He told reporters outside the White House, Thursday, "I may do this." I may or may not do it." The recent flurry in central bank decisions across Europe has highlighted the difficulty central bankers face in setting monetary policies due to Trump's unpredictable approach on trade and tariffs. The STOXX 600 index fell 0.6% in Europe. It is now on track for its third consecutive day of declines. This would be the biggest weekly decline since April's tariff-induced turmoil. U.S. S&P futures dropped almost 1% despite the fact that most U.S. market, including Wall Street and Treasury Market, will be closed for a holiday on Thursday. Kyle Rodda is a senior financial market analyst at Capital.com. He said, "Market participants are still jittery and uncertain." He added that speculation was rampant "that the U.S. would intervene. This would be a material escalation, and could invite direct retaliation by Iran against the U.S." This scenario could lead to a larger regional conflict with consequences for the global energy supply, and possibly economic growth. The Middle East crude supply shocks have been the main cause of recent market anxiety. They've driven crude oil prices up 11% in one week. Brent crude rose 2% on Thursday to $78 per barrel, its highest level since January. Gold was trading at $3,365 per ounce on Monday, a slight decline from the previous day. The dollar rose, while the euro fell by 0.2% to $1.1462. Both the Australian and New Zealand Dollars - two risk-linked currencies -- also fell by around 1%. CENTRAL BANK POLICY To Trump's dismay, the Federal Reserve kept interest rates at their current levels on Wednesday. Policymakers also maintained projections of two quarter-point cuts in rate this year. Jerome Powell, Fed Chair, struck a cautious tone about future easing. He said that he expected "meaningful" inflation as a result Trump's aggressive tariffs. MUFG strategists said that the Fed is "underestimating the weaknesses in the economy which were present before the shock of the tariffs, and specifically, almost ignoring cracks in the labor markets that have been evident for years." As expected, the Bank of England kept UK rates the same on Thursday. Policymakers also said that trade policy uncertainty will continue to harm the economy and cause a fall in the pound. The Norges Bank shocked the markets with a quarter point cut on Thursday, which weighed heavily on the crown currency. Meanwhile, the Swiss National Bank, although it cut rates to zero as expected, did not drop below zero, giving the franc an extra boost. Analysts said that consumers were looking for a cheaper gold alternative.
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The main political group of the EU is at odds with Germany on budget increases
The main political group of the European Parliament has said that the next budget for the European Union must be larger than the current budget. This puts them at odds with Germany, who is the largest contributor and does not want an increase. With 188 members in the 720 seat parliament, the European People's Party is the largest political grouping within the EU. Its support will be vital for an agreement on the EU's budget for 2028-2034, which funds joint EU policies. The budget, also known as the Multiannual Financial Framework (MFF), has been 1% of the EU's gross national income for decades. This is now around 1.2 trillion euro ($1.38 trillion), spread over seven years. "New priorities need new resources to cover debt repayments as well as the Union's growing spending needs." "We cannot do more with fewer resources," said Siegfried Muresan, vice-chairman and negotiator of the next EU budget. The EU budget is used to support the farmers, research, development, innovation, border control, climate action, and border management. The governments want to use it for security, defence and to improve Europe's industrial base so that they can compete with China and the United States more effectively in terms of clean and digital technology leadership. "The EU budget plays a crucial role in making Europe more secure. We need to allocate more money for security and defense. Muresan stated that a modest, limited budget increase is necessary. Germany, as the largest net contributor to the European budget, doesn't want to contribute more. A German document expressing Berlin's view stated that "there is no basis" for increasing the (EU budget volume) relative to Gross Domestic Income. Own Resources In addition to national contributions which are the majority of EU budget revenue, the EU also receives money from its "own resources". These include revenues from a portion of Value Added Tax (VAT) collected by the governments, tariffs, and contributions based on how much non-recycled packaging waste is generated by a particular member state. Discussions are underway about expanding these dedicated sources of income to boost EU revenue, particularly as a means to repay the hundreds billions of euro the EU borrowed jointly to restart its economic recovery after the COVID epidemic. Germany has opened the door to this method of increasing EU budget revenue. The German government paper stated that "the Federal Government will... examine constructively the Commission's proposal in this regard so that... repayments won't have to be made on the regular EU budget." The European People's Party has also rejected the idea that the next EU Budget should tie disbursements with a country's reform milestones or targets, like the EU Post-COVID Recovery Fund. In a press release, the Party stated that "local and regional authorities as well as other beneficiaries can't be punished or held responsible for reforms which aren't implemented at national level". The Party said that it also did not support any further centralisation of government spending plans. "Regional and Local Authorities know better the specific needs and circumstances on the ground." Reporting by Jan Strupczewski. Editing by Jane Merriman
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Severstal warns that Russian steel plants could close due to low export profits.
Alexander Shevelev said that the Russian steel industry could close down due to low demand at home and the high rouble, which reduces profitability for exports. A Russian Railways document, seen by us last month, showed that the high rate in Russia, which was 21% for many months before it was reduced to 20 % earlier in June has caused steel producers to reduce their loading volumes. This is a reflection of the slowing Russian economy and its subdued demand. Shevelev stated that high rates could cause the demand for steel to drop by 10% to 39 million tonnes this year. Analysts attribute the rise to the ease of geopolitical tensions with President Donald Trump and his administration. Shevelev stated that the overly strong rouble makes metal exports unprofitable, a fact that is affecting an industry which has relied on it for years. He added that "the weakness of the export markets, and a strong Russian rouble, simply don't allow most metals manufacturers to cover variable costs." Shevelev stated that it is possible for some metallurgy factories to stop production due to the excess supply of metals on the domestic market. "I hope that it will not come to that. In time, we'll be able loosen up the monetary policy. But for now, everything is pointing towards the closure of certain facilities that do not manage costs well." Severstal is also burdened with a heavy logistical burden because it cannot sell into nearby European markets. (Reporting from St Petersburg by Anastasia Lyrhikova, Writing by Alexander Marrow and Editing by Ed Osmond).
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Greenland grants EU-backed critical Metals Project Permit to Mine
Greenland granted a permit for a project backed by the European Union to mine molybdenum. This metal is used in aerospace, defence, and energy, and China has placed export restrictions on it. After U.S. president Donald Trump expressed interest in buying it earlier this summer, the resource-rich Arctic Island has seen increased activity in its mining industry over the last month. The government of Greenland said that the permit was given to Toronto-listed Greenland Resources, a company supported by the European Raw Material Alliance and which holds the license to the Malmbjerg Project in eastern Greenland. According to the company, an open pit mine in Malmbjerg can produce 32.8 million pounds per year of molybdenum concentrated. This could supply around 25% of Europe’s molybdenum needs. Molybdenum, a white metal with a silvery luster, is used to improve the resistance of steel to heat and corrosion. It's therefore essential for industries such as defence and clean energy. China implemented export controls on five metals in early February, including products containing molybdenum, as a response to U.S. president Donald Trump's tariffs on Chinese goods. According to the U.S. Geological Survey, China accounted about 40% of molybdenum global production in 2013. Molybdenum has been deemed a critical metal by the European Union as well as the United States. Greenland Resources has signed agreements to off-take coal with Finland’s Outokumpu, and Italy’s Cogne Acciai Speciali. Greenland has a rich natural resource base, but the mining industry is slow to develop due to bureaucracy. Greenland granted an exploitation license to a Danish and French mining group last month, while this month the EU selected 13 new critical materials projects, including graphite in Greenland to increase metals, minerals, and supply. The U.S. export credit agency announced last week that the company building a large mine of rare earths in Greenland had met the initial requirements for applying for a loan worth $120 million.
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Trackers report that Iran has adapted to maintaining oil exports in conflict.
Two vessel tracking companies said that Iran maintains crude oil supplies by loading tanks one at atime and moving floating storage closer to China. The country is trying to keep its main source of income while being attacked by Israel. The conflict that erupted between Iran and Israel last week is a new obstacle for Iran. It uses a fleet of shadow tankers to hide their origins and avoid U.S. sanctions imposed in 2018 due to its nuclear program. Iran is the third largest producer of crude oil in OPEC. Most of its exports go to China. The trackers reported that the conflict with Israel has not affected the loadings. The latest data from analytics company Kpler shows that Iran has so far loaded 2.2 millions barrels of crude oil per day, a record for the past five weeks. The missile exchanges between Israel and Iran have targeted energy infrastructure in both countries. This includes the Haifa refinery in Israel, as well as the South Pars Gas Field in Iran. However, Iran's main crude exporting facility on Kharg Island has so far been spared. Homayoun Falikshai is the head of crude analysis at Kpler, a tracking company. Kharg Island lies 30 km south-west of the Middle Eastern country's south-west coast, deep in the Persian Gulf. Falakshai, referring the National Iranian Oil Co., Iran's oil company, said that "NIOC" may think it is safer than the other main jetty on the west side in open water. The large oil tankers have now begun to approach Kharg Island, one at a moment, and the second jetty, on the western side, has been left unused for a few days. 15-16 other Iranian tankers are scattered throughout the Persian Gulf. The International Energy Agency reported on Tuesday that Iranian oil exports were steady this year, at around 1.7m bpd despite U.S. Sanctions on Chinese Customers since March. Ship tracking firm Vortexa reported that Iran has moved a part of its 40-million barrel floating storage fleet closer to China in order to minimize the impact on buyers. Vortexa reported that ten tankers carrying 8 million barrels each of Iranian crude oil are now stationed offshore China. They are moving from Singapore, where another 20 million barrels were located. Vortexa said that the remaining 12 million barrels or so were in the Persian Gulf when the month began, but the current location of these barrels was unknown. Tankers can load crude oil into floating storage without having to go to a specific destination. Emma Li, Vortexa’s senior China analyst, said: "Iran is moving barrels to the east even without orders in order to strategically position the barrels nearer to end-buyers at a time when geopolitical risks are high." Vortexa said that moving barrels closer would help offset the disruption of Iranian loadings for up to two weeks. (Reporting and editing by Alex Lawler. Dmitry Zhdannikov, Elaine Hardcastle, and Robert Harvey)
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Eni unveils plant to recycle plastic waste chemically
Versalis is the chemical division of the Italian energy company Eni. On Thursday, Versalis unveiled a new demonstration plant for the chemical recycling mixed plastic waste based on its proprietary technology. The technology, called 'Hoop,' allows for the conversion of mixed plastic waste to a material which can be used in order to create new plastic materials that are suitable for any application, including packaging intended to come into contact with food and pharmaceutical packaging. The move is part a larger strategy by the state-controlled company to revamp its losing chemical business. The high cost of energy and raw materials, coupled with the increase in production capacity in China, has put European petrochemical companies under unprecedented pressure. Eni, TotalEnergies, and BP have all shut down or sold old facilities. Eni announced last year that it would invest two billion euros ($2.3billion) by 2029 in order to turn around the chemicals business. The last five years saw a loss of three billion euros. The overhaul will include new activities such as plastic recycling, energy storage and bio-refining. It will also involve the closure of several primary petrochemicals including steam crackers. Eni will build a new steam cracker in Priolo in Sicily by the end this year, based on 'Hoop technology'. Adriano Alfani, Chief executive officer of Versalis, said that a final investment decision could be made on the new recycling facility in Priolo next year. Versalis developed its new technology in a joint venture with the Italian engineering firm S.R.S. The system developed by S.R.S. (Serviceizi di Ricerche e Sviluppo) is a high-yielding material recovery system with flexibility of input materials.
China's imports of iron ore are rising even as steel is struggling: Russell
China's imports of iron ore are expected to be their highest month in this year in June, a sign of resilience not reflected in the steel industry's sluggishness.
According to analysts LSEG & Kpler, China is expected to import nearly 110 million metric tonnes of this key raw material for steel.
Kpler estimates that 109.56 millions tons of cargo will arrive in June, while LSEG predicts 109.1million.
It would be the highest month ever since December, when 112.49 millions tons was recorded as the second-highest monthly imports.
Why are Chinese steel mills, traders and steel producers buying more iron ore despite the fact that both domestic and international headwinds are causing the steel industry to slow down?
Early in June, spot iron ore prices fell to their lowest level in eight months.
Since the peak of $107.81 per ton in 2025 on February 12, the trend for iron ore futures at the Singapore Exchange has been downward.
On June 18, they dropped to $94.17 per ton, the lowest level since September 30, before slightly recovering to finish at $94.30 a ton Wednesday.
It's too late for the low of June to affect imports in this month. The lag between cargoes being arranged and delivered is too great. However, it's important to note that the Singapore price continues to drop steadily from its previous peak at the end of May.
Restocking inventories may also have contributed to the higher imports of June. These stocks have been on a downward trend.
SteelHome consultants SteelHome monitor port stockpiles
The strong imports so far in this month helped boost inventories to a total of 133.4 million tonnes in the week ending June 13. However, this is still below the 146.6 millions from the same period in 2024.
Iron ore imports may continue to grow in the coming weeks but there are questions about how long they can do so if the steel industry is weak.
STEEL SAGS
According to data released by the Chinese government on June 16, China's steel production dropped dramatically in May, falling 6.9% from last year to 85.55 millions tons.
In the first five month of this year, steel production fell 1.7% to 431.63 million tons.
The state-backed China Iron and Steel Association said last week that the output was expected to drop 4% from 2024 this year.
China's steel production is being affected by the struggles of its key property sector. This sector has shown little signs of improvement since the recent stimulus measures.
China's new house prices dropped 0.2% in May, after showing no growth during the preceding month. Calculations based on the data released by the National Bureau of Statistics on 16 June were able to confirm this.
The latest statement from Donald Trump suggests that up to 55% of all imports will be taxed.
The price of steel has also fallen. On Wednesday, Shanghai Exchange rebar contract prices ended at 2,982 Yuan ($414.74) per ton, down 14% since the year's peak, which was 3,466 Yuan on February 5.
On June 3, the contract dropped to 2,912 Yuan per ton, its lowest level since February 2020.
Exports grew almost 10% on an annual basis in May, to 10,58 million tons.
Steel exports for the first five month of the year rose by 8.9%, to 48.47 millions tons. This is a record.
China's steel exports may be a victim of its own success, as other countries increase their protectionist measures. India and the United States are two recent examples.
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These are the views of the columnist, an author for.
(source: Reuters)