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IAEA Board declares Iran in violation of non-proliferation obligations

The U.N. Nuclear Watchdog's Board of Governors, which consists of 35 nations, declared Iran in violation of its nonproliferation obligations for the first time since almost 20 years on Thursday. This could lead to a report being made to the U.N. Security Council.

The major step represents the culmination of several simmering standoffs between Iran and the International Atomic Energy Agency that have arisen ever since President Donald Trump, during his first term in office, pulled the U.S. from a nuclear agreement between Tehran and other major powers. That deal then unraveled.

Iran is likely to escalate its nuclear program, as promised, in response to the resolutions that it dislikes. This could complicate current negotiations between Iran and the U.S. to impose new curbs on Iran’s accelerating nuclear activities.

The resolution comes at a particularly high-tension time, as the U.S. is pulling its staff out of the Middle East and Trump has warned that the region may become dangerous. He also said Washington will not allow Iran to have nuclear weapons.

Diplomats said that the board approved the resolution presented by the United States of America, Britain, France, and Germany, with 19 countries voting in favor, 11 abstentions, and three against - Russia China and Burkina Faso.

DAMNING REPORT

The text seen by declares Iran to be in breach of its obligation given the damning report that IAEA sent member states on May 31,

The text stated that "the Board of Governors... finds Iran's failure to meet its obligations to the Agency regarding undeclared material and activities in multiple undeclared locations within Iran since 2019 constitutes non-compliance of its obligations under its Safeguards Agreement."

The IAEA has been investigating the matter for many years, but Iran still refuses to give a credible explanation of how the traces of uranium found at undeclared Iranian sites came to exist.

The IAEA's May 31 report, which was a "comprehensive account" of events mandated by the board, revealed that three of the locations were "part of an undeclared, structured nuclear program carried out by Iran up until the early 2000s, and some activities involved undeclared nuclear materials".

The U.S. Intelligence Services and the IAEA believed for a long time that Iran had a secret coordinated nuclear weapons program, which it stopped in 2003. However, isolated experiments continued over several years. IAEA Director-General Rafael Grossi stated this week that the findings are broadly in line with what they have previously said.

Iran denies having ever pursued nuclear weapons.

The resolution made reference to Iran being reported to the U.N. Security Council. However, diplomats say it would require a second resolution in order to do so, just as it did the last time Iran was declared to be in non-compliance, in September 2005. This was followed by a referral in February 2006. Reporting by Francois Murph; Editing and proofreading by Ed Osmond

(source: Reuters)