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India takes steps to combat rising copper supply risks

India takes steps to combat rising copper supply risks

Two government sources and an unpublished draft document state that India held internal discussions about its vulnerability to a tightening copper market. It also plans to discuss how to secure supply from countries with abundant resources during ongoing trade talks.

Sources and documents indicate that New Delhi also considers measures to boost domestic refined-copper output, including by attracting foreign investment.

The document that was reviewed stated that India imports over 90% of the copper concentrate it needs. This dependency will increase to 97% in 2047. The document reviewed by estimates that India produces 573,000 tons of refined Copper annually, but the demand is around 1.8 millions tons. Imports are needed to fill this gap.

Sources and the document said that India could approach global giants like Chile's Codelco (the world's biggest copper producer) and Australian miner BHP for the purpose of setting up copper smelters or refineries in India.

Codelco refused to comment while BHP and federal Ministry of Mines didn't respond to emails asking for comments.

Sources said that Indian state firms may invest in overseas mining operations run by Codelco or BHP, in exchange for taking part in the development in India of copper infrastructure.

India's imports of copper have increased since Vedanta closed its Sterlite Copper Smelter in 2018. In the fiscal year ending March 2025, India imported 1.2 millions metric tons (or 4% more) of copper than a year ago.

'RESOURCE NATIONALISM'

The document explained the strategies that are likely to be used in bilateral trade agreements. It stated that India was seeking to include an extensive "copper section" in its ongoing negotiations for free trade with Chile and Peru to secure copper concentrate supplies.

It said that while tighter copper supplies from major exporters like Indonesia have restricted India's options for sourcing, Chile and Peru have already made long-term agreements with major global purchasers such as China, further limiting India's choices.

Document: The government wants Khanij Bidesh India Ltd, a state-owned company, to also secure strategic minerals from abroad and explore copper resources in Chile, Peru Australia, Mongolia and other countries.

It said that India's supply chain could be more susceptible to disruptions if the leading mineral resource suppliers resort to "resource nationalism".

China placed export restrictions in April on rare earths, which squeezed supply of minerals that are used in electronics, weapons and consumer goods.

The document stated that this trend indicates "an urgent need for foreign assets acquisition". Reporting by Neha arora, Editing by Mayank bhardwaj and Jan Harvey

(source: Reuters)