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The international funding has stalled, putting the Indonesian coal phase-out program at risk

The top Indonesian official in charge of the program said that the plan to retire coal-fired plants with a capacity of 6.7 gigawatts by 2030 is likely to fail due to the stalled funding from rich nations. The Just Energy Transition Partnership, a coalition of ten donor countries, promised to raise $20 billion for Indonesia in three to five year by 2022. This was once called the "single largest climate finance transaction." The sum was to include funds to retire coal-fired plants that represented 13.5% of Indonesia's total power capacity.

Paul Butarbutar (JeTP Indonesia Secretary) said that no one has committed to financing the phase-out of coal at the COP30 Climate Summit in Brazil.

Butarbutar stated that if no one is willing to step in and finance the phase-out of coal, we may have to consider whether this is the best option.

The Indonesian problem, as the seventh largest coal-fired electricity producer in the world and Southeast Asia's biggest economy, highlights broader concerns about climate finance among developing countries, which have been slow to materialize.

U.S. WITHDREW FROM JETP

According to a draft report published by the initiative last month, Indonesia's JETP approved $2.85billion in loans and equity and $186.9m in grants for grids and renewables and efficiency as well as electric-powered transportation. However, no funds to retire coal power plants have been approved. The United States, Japan, and the European Union were among the 10 donors. Since then, the United States has withdrawn. Japan, which coordinates the JETP for Indonesia program with Germany, has not responded to requests for comment.

The German press office stated that it was working with Indonesia "to identify the most effective and political feasible ways to reach the JETP objectives."

Germany's Press Office said that JETP Indonesia has entered its implementation phase and is currently receiving over $6 billion of financing. The statement added that donors have pledged $19.53 billion of the $20 billion original pledge.

Commitments are not the same as disbursements.

South Africa and Vietnam have also JETP programs. Many countries oppose global proposals to phase-out fossil fuel subsidies because they say that these help eradicate poverty.

Butarbutar didn't say how much money Indonesia would need to close 6.7 GW.

HOW TO REPLACE COAL-FIRED PLANTS?

Butarbutar added that JETP is also researching how to replace coal-fired power.

If it's solar, where should the power plant be located in Java? Who would pay the initial costs if geothermal was to be replaced?

Java is the most densely-populated area of the archipelago.

Butarbutar stated that the U.S. withdrawal of the Indonesia JETP had nothing to do in relation to the struggle to phase out coal.

Butarbutar stated that about $2.56 billion was managed by the Asian Development Bank under the Energy Transition Mechanism – a deal not related to JETP – and about half of this would be required to retire the 660 megawatt Cirebon-1 east of Jakarta.

Cirebon-1 closure is being delayed after an unmet deadline last year. (Reporting and editing by Sudarshan Varadhan, Richard Valdmanis and Rod Nickel.

(source: Reuters)