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IEA is ready to tap into emergency oil reserves, but OPEC does not see the need

The West's energy watchdog announced on Friday that it is ready to release its oil reserves if the market experiences shortages as a result of Israel's attack against Iran. This statement was criticized by OPEC, which claimed the statement only created fear on the market.

In recent years, the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), which represents some of the top oil producers in the world, and the International Energy Agency (IEA), representing oil consumers, have clashed over global oil demand trajectory and the pace of the transition to a clean energy economy.

Fatih Birol, the IEA head, said that although the oil market is well-supplied, the agency will be ready to respond if necessary. He added that the agency’s oil security system holds 1.2 billion barrels in strategic and emergency oil reserves.

OPEC Secretary-General Haitham Al Ghais criticized Birol's statements, saying that they "raise false alarms and project a sense fear on the market by repeating the need to possibly use oil emergency stock".

He claimed that there was no change in the dynamics of the market or supply to "require unnecessary measures".

The oil prices rose sharply on Friday after Israel launched a series of attacks across Iran, claiming it had destroyed nuclear facilities and missile factories as well as killed a number of military commanders. This could be the beginning of a long-term operation to stop Tehran from building an atomic bomb.

The oil prices rose 7%, the biggest daily increase since 2022, when Russia invaded Ukraine.

After the Russian invasion of Ukraine in early 2022, the United States and its allies in coordination with IEA tapped the last emergency oil reserves. This decision was heavily criticized by OPEC at the time.

Market participants are concerned that the situation could escalate, resulting in damage to Iran's or its neighbours' energy infrastructure, and a possible blockade of Strait of Hormuz.

In September 2019, Iran supported Houthi militias launched a drone strike on Saudi Aramco’s Abqaiq Oil Processing Plant, knocking out 5.7 million barrels per day of Saudi oil production and sending the market into frenzy.

The diplomatic ties between Iran and its Gulf neighbours, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates, have significantly improved since the Abqaiq attack. However there are still concerns about a possible repeat.

Helima Croft, an analyst at RBC Capital Markets, said that following the Israeli attack, "oil prices have already spiked...and its ultimate landing will depend on whether Iran revives their 2019 playbook by targeting tankers, pipes, and other key energy facilities in the region."

(source: Reuters)