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Saudi Arabia, Turkey and Pakistan sign joint defense deal amid regional turmoil

Sources say that a pact will be signed in Mecca this Friday

Erdogan, Sharif, and Munir the army chief are scheduled to meet Crown prince Mohammed bin Salman

* An agreement was reached after nearly a year-long negotiation, as reported in January. (Adds context and details throughout).

By Timour Azhari Ariba?Shahid, and Tuvan Gumrukcu

RIYADH/KARACHI/ANKARA, Aug 7 - Turkey, Saudi Arabia and Pakistan will sign a joint defence agreement in Mecca on Friday, sources with ?knowledge of the matter said, amid regional ?turmoil with Gulf states coming under fire from Iran after it ?was attacked ?by the U.S. and Israel. The pact cements the growing group of Sunni Muslim states that are allied with the United States. However, it is not clear what each state will do or how this might impact the Middle East crisis. The deal was confirmed by a Turkish official after two regional sources who had direct knowledge of the issue said it would be signed Friday. A second regional source stated that it was unclear whether the agreement will also be announced publicly on Friday.

As the United States struggles with regional threats, the three nations are increasingly concerned about the Middle?East chaos as well as the role of a revolutionary Shi'ite Iran. Turkey is NATO's second largest military. Saudi Arabia is the largest Gulf state and home to Islam's holiest places. It's also one of the top oil exporters in the world. Pakistan, on the other hand, is the only nuclear-armed Muslim nation.

Shehbaz sharif, Pakistani prime minister, and Asim Munir (powerful army chief) arrived in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, on Thursday. They performed the Umrah Pilgrimage to Mecca. Tayyip Erdoan, the Turkish president, left for Jeddah Friday. The two will be meeting Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman whose country was repeatedly attacked by Iran as well as by Tehran's Houthi ally in Yemen and Shiite militias in Iraq since the war began in February. The conflict has exposed Gulf state security vulnerabilities, and disrupted shipping in the Strait of Hormuz. Prior to the war, a fifth of global oil and LNG transited through the Strait of Hormuz.

The pact was reached after nearly a full year of negotiations. In January, Turkish Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan stated that Ankara preferred a regional security platform which would promote stability and cooperation.

A Saudi official said that the existing Saudi-Pakistani agreement treats any attack on one as an attack against both, and includes "all military methods". Pakistan has avoided becoming militarily involved in the Iran War by attempting to mediate instead. The Pakistani government and military did not respond immediately to requests for comments, but the foreign ministry confirmed the visit to Saudi Arabia as "consolidating ties" with the kingdom. Army chief Munir is responsible for Pakistan's foreign policy and security.

The Saudi Arabian government did not respond immediately to a comment request.

PACT BUILDING ON LONG-STANDING MULTILITARY TALES The Middle East is in flames since the Hamas attack of October 7, 2023 on Israel. Nearly every country in the area has experienced cross-border attacks, missiles or drone fire.

Both Turkey and Pakistan on the border of the Middle East have avoided direct attacks but are eager to settle conflicts that threaten both their security and economic well-being.

Saudi Arabia has suffered more severe consequences from the Middle East conflict than any other country. Its oil exports, ambitious development plans, and its security under U.S. umbrella have all been put at risk.

The signing of the agreement on Friday in Mecca will give a symbolic boost to the pact, which builds upon long-standing bilateral military relations between the three countries.

Pakistan has been providing training and technical assistance to Saudi Arabian forces for decades. Turkey and Pakistan have also exchanged training aircraft, warships, etc. Riyadh has agreed to buy Turkish drones from Ankara in 2023. This is Ankara's largest defence export contract. In May, it was reported that Pakistan had sent 8,000 troops as well as fighter jets drones and air defence systems to the kingdom. It has also pursued a wider Gulf security relationship. In July, it was reported that Kuwait had begun negotiations over an expanded agreement in exchange for energy investment and cooperation. (By Ariba, Timour, Daren, and Maha El-Dahan, with writing by Angus McDowall, editing by Sharon Singleton.)

(source: Reuters)