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EU curbs exports of rare earth and recyclable battery waste to reduce China's reliance

As part of its efforts to ensure critical raw materials for electric cars, windmills and semiconductors, the European Commission intends to restrict exports from 2026 of rare earth scrap and battery scraps that can be recycled.

This proposal is one of the first responses to China's decision to limit exports to many industries that rely on rare earth magnets.

The REsourceEU plan of the Commission aims to speed up the Critical Raw Materials Act that will be passed by 2023. The EU wants its supply chains to be developed faster so that it does not rely on a single country to meet more than 65% its demand.

The recycling of rare earth wastes could provide 20% of the EU’s annual permanent magnet requirements, which are 20,000 metric tonnes. Waste lithium-ion battery and black mass will no longer be considered hazardous after September 2026. This will prevent exports to non OECD countries.

The document states that "the Joint Research Centre estimates the EU could treat up to 50% of the black mass they produce, leading to as many as 1 million new battery packs for electric vehicles per year." This is referring to black powdered waste from batteries.

According to the plan, the EU will invest $3.50 billion over the next 12 months to accelerate projects that could reduce reliance on one country by as much as 50% by 2029.

Stephane Sejourne is the EU Industry Chief. He said that 2 billion euro would come from European Investment Bank. 300 million euro will come from Battery Booster. And 600 million euro from Horizon Europe.

In 2026, a new European Critical Raw Materials Centre (ECRMC) will be launched.

Sejourne, Executive Vice President of the Commission, told a Press Conference that "it will have three major tasks: monitoring and assessment needs, joint buying on behalf Member States, as well as stockpiling, and delivery when required."

The first round will begin in March 2026, via a matchmaking system.

After industry sources claimed that the platform was little more than "Tinder for Metals", without any guarantees that it could compete against cheaper Chinese supplies, the Commission will work with stakeholder to design a price minimum mechanism.

(source: Reuters)