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US inflation slows down in June but is likely to reverse amid Middle East conflict

The U.S. Inflation rate slowed down in June but it is only temporary as renewed hostilities are raising oil prices. The Bureau of Economic Analysis of the Commerce Department reported that the Personal Consumption Expenditures price index increased by 3.7% over the past 12 months, after advancing an unrevised 4.1% during May. This was the largest gain since April 2023. PCE inflation increased in line with expectations. The PCE Price Index fell 0.1% month-over-month, its lowest reading since April 2020. It had risen 0.5% in May.

These data were also included in the government’s second-quarter?estimate gross domestic product. This was published by the government on Thursday. The decline in PCE inflation was due to a "retreat" in oil prices, which coincided with a fragile ceasefire between the U.S. and Iran. Since then, the truce has broken down. Brent oil is hovering at just over $90 per barrel while U.S. average gasoline prices have returned to above $4 a gallon. PCE Price Index excluding volatile energy and food components rose 3.3% year-over-year in June, after rising 3.4% in May. It increased 0.1% in June, excluding food and energy. In May it had risen 0.3%. For its 2% inflation target, the Federal Reserve uses PCE measures. On Wednesday, the U.S. Central Bank left its overnight benchmark interest rate at 3.50% to 3.75%. Three members of the Fed's policy-setting committee dissented in favor of a quarter-percentage-point hike.

Fed Chairman Kevin Warsh said to reporters that the central bank will not "waver" from its commitment to bring inflation back to target. He stressed "there is nothing soft about inflation, and there is nothing soft about implicit inflation,?not under this committee's supervision."

Economists predict that the Fed will raise borrowing rates?as early as September. The impact of high inflation was softened this year by generous tax refunds, but now that cushion is diminishing, setting consumer spending up for a slowdown in the second half. Consumer spending, which makes up more than two thirds of economic activity, grew 0.3% in June, after a 0.9% increase in May. Consumer spending in June increased by 0.4% when adjusted for inflation. This is the same as in May. Personal income rose 0.2% in June after soaring by 0.7% in May. After inflation, the income available to households grew by 0.3% in May. Savings rate dropped to 2.7% from 2.8%, its lowest level since 2022. Lucia Mutikani, Chizu Nomiyama, and Paul Simao edited the report.

(source: Reuters)