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Mongolia, a coal-rich country, aims to increase trade with China despite the risk of dependence

Mongolia hopes to increase trade with China by more than 10% this year, as it is the largest destination for its coal and mineral exports. This will help further strengthen its economic dependence on China.

The two-way trade is expected to reach $20 billion this year, Ukhnaa Khuraelsukh, the President of Mongolia, told Wang Yi, Chinese Foreign Minister, during his first visit to Ulaanbaatar over the weekend.

This is a rise of over 10% from 2025 despite the Iran War limiting the economic outlook of?the second largest economy in the world at a time when domestic demand has been stagnant.

Chinese customs data show that two-way trade dropped to $17.7 billion last year, from $18.3 in 2024.

In a statement issued on Monday, the neighbours committed to boosting economic and trading ties but did not specify a specific goal for trade.

According to estimates from international organizations, every 1% increase in the?China economy can lead to a 4% increase in Mongolian exports, and a 0.6% boost in its economic growth, Wang said at a Saturday press conference after meeting with his Mongolian counterpart.

"The trade momentum has been quite positive," said Xu Tianchen senior analyst at Economist Intelligence Unit. "China is ready to accept the increasing copper production in Mongolia."

He said that China's coal demand is likely to grow after the mining disaster in northern Shanxi killed 82 workers, placing pressure on domestic coal supply.

Data from Chinese customs shows that Mongolia, a landlocked country sandwiched in between China and Russia, shipped more than 80 millions metric tons (tonnes) of coal last year.

Wang stated that a second railway link will boost connectivity between the two countries.

"All eyes are on the ?completion of the Gashuunsukhait-Gantsmot border crossing railway, which will facilitate trade even further," added Xu.

Wang announced that China would supply 1,000,000?doses? of vaccines to Mongolia in order to combat a recent outbreak?of foot-and-mouth?disease?in its livestock.

Khurelsukh said that as the relationship between China and Mongolia grows, Mongolia will refrain from taking any action that would harm China's interest, irrespective of its relations with other countries. (Reporting and editing by Clarence Fernandez; Xiuhao chen, Ryan Woo)

(source: Reuters)