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Sources say Uganda has sent 1,000 additional soldiers to the east Congo, near the M23 conflict.

Four diplomatic and U.N. officials said that Uganda had deployed over 1,000 additional soldiers in east Congo during the past week, near a region where the Kinshasa Government is fighting M23 Rebels. This has heightened fears of regional escalation.

Residents reported that they were moving toward the conflict zone.

M23, a Rwandan-backed group, recently took control of the regional capital Goma. This is a mineral-rich and anarchic part of Democratic Republic of Congo that was ravaged by wars from 1996-1997 to 1998-2003.

According to U.N. reports, the extra Ugandan deployment would increase its numbers in that area - officially backing Congo President Felix Tshisekedi against another rebel force -- to approximately 4,000-5,000.

Rwanda has troops in the east Congo.

Sources said that Uganda has been assisting Congo in its fight against the Islamist Allied Defence Forces (IADF) since 2021. The new deployment, which included between 1,000 and 2,000 troops, was part of a campaign called Operation Shujaa.

U.N. experts report that Uganda also supported the ethnic Tutsi led M23. This is the latest in an ongoing series of Rwanda-backed rebels who have taken up arms on behalf of Congo's Tutsis.

Since the weekend, residents in Butembo have reported seeing columns of Ugandan soldiers moving southwards towards the frontline with the M23.

The Ugandan army's spokesperson Felix Kulayigye, denied any major new deployments. He said that its forces have changed "their posture to offensive defense", without providing further details.

When asked whether more troops were arriving, Congo's Communications minister Patrick Muyaya didn't respond. However, he did stress that the Ugandan soldiers present in the region had the ADF as their priority. Combat against M23 soldiers and Rwandan soldiers is also possible.

"There is still a great deal of suspicion surrounding Uganda and what the M23 are doing in general," he said.

UGANDA'S 'SURGE'

Corneille Nangaa is the head of Alliance Fleuve Congo (an umbrella organization that includes M23 fighters). He said that Uganda did not provide support, but he also didn't expect hostile treatment.

Uganda denies U.N. claims that it helped train M23 fighters, and provided the group with a base in which to transport men and weapons.

After capturing much of North Kivu Province, the M23 rebels are consolidating their grip on Goma, and have begun moving towards Bukavu a town located 200 km (125miles) to its south. They have stated that they will not take the city after meeting with resistance from Congolese forces and Burundian troops.

Uganda and Rwanda entered the east Congo in the recent past to protect their borders, but were accused of looting gold and other natural resources.

Zobel Behalal is a senior analyst at the Global Initiative Against Transnational Organized Crime, a think tank. He said that eastern Congo was as important to Uganda's economic future as it was for Rwanda, and Uganda would do whatever it took to protect their interests.

"The surge is preparation," he said. He was referring to Uganda’s efforts to manage any conflict spreading so that they could continue to benefit from the wealth and trade that crossed their border.

Uganda is helping Tshisekedi’s army to hunt down the ADF, which has ties with the Islamic State and was originally based in Uganda but now resides in Congo. ADF's operations have been disrupted by air and ground attacks, forcing them to flee their strongholds.

Muhoozi Kainerugaba has publicly supported Rwandan President Paul Kagame's government and is the son of Uganda's powerful president.

In 2022, he called M23 "brothers" who were fighting for the rights Tutsis of Congo. Reporting by David Lewis, Sonia Rolley, Elias Biryabarema, Kampala and Ange Kasongo, Kinshasa. Editing by Andrew Cawthorne.

(source: Reuters)