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Just Indonesia can assist nickel recover from price bust: Andy Home

Nickel ended 2024 trading at fouryear lows, a spectacular turnaround of fortune for a metal that soared so high in 2022 it practically broke the London Metal Exchange (LME).

There is no mystery to this remarkable tale of boom and bust.

Indonesia has flooded the world with more metal than it can take in, squashing the cost and leaving a trail of casualties among the remainder of the world's producers.

The market's fortunes this year depend on whether Jakarta can tame the excesses of its nickel sector and line up supply more carefully with need. There are positive indications. Indonesia's mining ministry plans to cut the nickel ore mining quota to 200 million metric lots this year from a formerly planned 240 million.

The news has sparked a modest price revival, LME 3-month nickel increasing by 3% given that the start of January. Whether it suffices to generate a more continual healing stays to be seen.

OUT OF THE SHADOWS

Indonesia has emerged as the world's dominant nickel manufacturer over the last years.

The country's mined production exploded from 358,000 heaps in 2017 to 2.2 million lots in 2023, according to the World Bureau of Metals Statistics. Indonesian supply was comparable to over half of global demand that year.

The Indonesian supply tsunami at first cleaned through the Class II section of the nickel market in the type of stainless steel inputs such as nickel pig iron.

That's changed over the last two years after Chinese operators mastered the technology to transform Indonesia's. reasonably low-grade resource into high-purity Class I products. such as sulphate and fine-tuned metal. The processing transformation has transferred the marketplace surplus. from the Class II shadows to the extremely visible world of. exchange trading.

STOCKS SURGE. The LME has noted 5 Chinese brands and one Indonesian brand name. of fine-tuned nickel since its 2022 disaster.

The impact is clear to see in increasing LME inventory.

Low LME stocks was among the factors for the rate going. supernova in March 2022. They continued moving through the. first half of 2023, falling listed below 40,000 heaps for the first time. considering that 2007.

LME stock has considering that risen to 172,206 lots on the back. of Chinese and Indonesian shipments.

There was no Chinese nickel in the LME storage system up until. August 2023. Since the end of December 2024 there were 70,000. heaps, representing 47% of on-warrant stocks. The very first. Indonesian metal turned up in July in 2015 and amounted to. over 7,000 heaps by the close of December.

LME signed up stocks are just part of the larger stocks. picture.

LME off-warrant stocks have likewise grown, while Shanghai. Futures Exchange stocks have actually increased to a five-year high of 35,327. loads.

Overall exchange stock was almost 230,000 tons at the end. of November 2023, the greatest level because 2021. This is good news for both exchanges. The physical liquidity. boost has helped bring back confidence in both markets, creating. a healing in trading volumes after activity slumped in the wake. of the 2022 nickel crisis.

It's been less great news for anybody in the nickel production. organization outside Indonesia and China. Rising stocks have actually driven. the rate ever lower.

BATTERY NEED STUTTERS

It's not as if nickel demand has collapsed.

The stainless steel sector, which still represents the. largest share of the metal's use, carried out strongly in 2024. Global melt-shop production rose by 6.3% year-on-year in the. first half of in 2015, according to industry association. worldstainless.

However nickel's use in electrical lorry (EV) batteries has. been weaker than expected.

Although international EV sales grew by 25% in 2025, most of the. development originated from China, where vehicle business are. progressively moving to non-nickel battery chemistry such as. lithium-iron-phosphate.

Western car-makers are sticking to nickel in their. batteries but EV sales increased by a fairly modest 9% in North. America and contracted by 3% in Europe last year, according to. consultancy Rho Motion.

Furthermore, both Western and Chinese cars and truck purchasers are selecting. hybrids over pure battery models and hybrids require smaller. batteries.

Researchers at Adamas Intelligence estimate that the global. sales-weighted average amount of nickel deployed per guest. vehicle battery was 12.6 kg in November 2024, down 16% from. November 2023. While European EV sales are expected to recuperate this year as. tougher emission rules start, North American sales deal with the. obstacle of Donald Trump rolling back the Biden. administration's EV subsidy plan.

SUPPLY DISCIPLINE

Indonesia has made no secret of its desire to take advantage of its. nickel supply supremacy into prices dominance.

It now has that power.

The key concern for the nickel market is how it will utilize. that power.

The cut to this year's ore quotas recommends that Jakarta. understands the rate has fallen too far even for a few of its own. manufacturers.

The trick will be customizing production rates to a. fast-evolving EV battery demand dynamic. Without supply. discipline from the world's dominant producer, a sustained. nickel price healing will stay evasive.

The viewpoints expressed here are those of the author, a. columnist .

(source: Reuters)