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China's surplus petroleum hits nearly 1 million bpd for September: Russell

The weak position of China's petroleum sector was highlighted by September information showing a 6th consecutive regular monthly drop in refinery processing, causing nearly 1 million barrels each day of oil being offered for storage. China's refineries processed 14.29 million bpd of crude in September, up somewhat from 13.91 million bpd in August, however down 5.4% from the same month in 2023, according to official information launched on Friday.

The softness in refinery throughput followed earlier data showing crude imports fell 0.6% in September from a year earlier, slipping to 11.07 million bpd, the 5th straight month that imports were less than in 2023.

The frailty of China's oil sector suggested that the continuous pattern of this year of substantial volumes of surplus crude were offered to be contributed to either commercial or tactical storages.

China, the world's greatest unrefined importer, doesn't divulge the volumes of oil flowing into or out of tactical and business stockpiles, however a quote can be made by deducting the quantity of unrefined processed from the overall of crude readily available from imports and domestic output.

Domestic production in September was 4.15 million bpd, up 1.1% from the very same month last year, according to information from the National Bureau of Statistics.

Putting domestic output together with imports offers a. combined total of 15.22 million bpd available for processing.

Refinery throughput was 14.29 million bpd, leaving a surplus. of 930,000 bpd.

For the very first nine months of the year the overall volume of. crude offered was 15.25 million bpd, while refinery throughput. was 14.15 million bpd, leaving a surplus of 1.1 million bpd.

It's worth noting that not all of this surplus crude has. likely been added to storages, with some being processed in. plants not caught by the main information.

But this will only be a relatively little volume, meaning. that general China has been importing crude at a far higher rate. than it requires to fulfill its domestic requirements.

The question for the marketplace is why Chinese refiners have. continued to import more unrefined than they in fact require?

PRICE MOVES

The answer is probably to be found in cost movements,. with the recent pattern being that China imports more crude when. refiners believe rates are low, while arrivals are trimmed when. they view rates as too expensive, or as increasing too rapidly.

It's worth noting that in September in 2015 Chinese. refiners were really drawing on inventories, processing 15.48. million bpd versus offered unrefined 15.24 million bpd, resulting. in a deficit of 240,000 bpd.

At the time this happening, unrefined prices were surging, with. Brent futures rising from $73.39 a barrel at the end of. June to a high of $97.06 by the end of September last year.

However, this year has actually seen a various pattern in crude. prices, with Brent trending weaker given that its high up until now in 2024. of $92.18 a barrel on April 12, to a low of $68.68 by Sept. 10.

The price has given that recovered to around $73.16 a barrel in. early Asian trade on Monday, however at this level it's most likely. likely that Chinese refiners deem costs reasonable. It's likewise the case that China's refiners are seeking to develop a. cushion of inventories just in case the stress in the Middle. East escalate to the point where there is an actual interruption. of crude shipments, or a continual danger that keeps a risk. premium in the cost.

However, there is little doubt that China's oil sector is. weak, and would look considerably more so if refiners weren't. purchasing crude surplus to their requirements. The information also makes the lower forecasts for China's need. development made by OPEC look wildly positive, with the producer. group estimating demand will rise by 580,000 bpd this year, even. though imports are down 350,000 bpd for the very first nine months of. the year.

The viewpoints expressed here are those of the author, a. columnist .

(source: Reuters)