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US, Mexico launch formal trade talks, haggle over automotive content rules

U.S. negotiators and Mexican negotiators started formal talks on Thursday to revamp the North American Trade Deal. Washington demanded stricter regional origin rules, including a U.S. specific minimum content level for cars?and?trucks?built in Mexico.

Two people familiar with U.S. negotiating positions said that the new standard was contained in the proposed text to modify the U.S. Mexico Canada Agreement.

Although the exact percentage of U.S. auto content demanded by the U.S. Trade Representative’s office is not yet known, the change from the USMCA’s existing content requirements for preferential North American access to the market is notable.

Negotiations over the next few months will determine whether or not this six-year old trade agreement and its predecessor have a future. They have helped to create a North American economy that is highly integrated, generating nearly $1.6 trillion annually in trilateral trade.

USMCA requires that 75% of the value of a vehicle be sourced in North America. A separate regional value requirement states that 40% of passenger car content built in North America must come from facilities with higher wages, i.e., either the U.S.A. or Canada. This threshold is 45% in the case of pickup trucks and is based on "core parts", such as engines, transmissions body panels, and chassis components.

The U.S. specific automotive content requirement would either replace or stack onto the previous regional value requirement which includes Canada. USTR announced on Wednesday that the U.S., Mexico, and Canada will exclude Canada from the current talks, with three bilateral negotiations planned through late July. The current round of negotiations in Mexico City, which ends Friday, is included.

USTR's spokesperson failed to respond to a question about the rules of origin. Mexico's Economy Ministry declined to comment. U.S. trade representative Jamieson Greer stated on Tuesday that he wants to strengthen North American origin rules to boost manufacturing within the United States.

Greer stated, "I believe that during the course of these discussions we will be discussing rules of origin that will enhance U.S. contents in these goods."

The duty-free zone ends

The Trump administration's tariffs on steel, aluminum, and copper and 25% on autos, auto parts, and autos and autoparts, have complicated the discussions over the review.

Greer stated that Washington would maintain at least some tariffs against Mexican and Canadian industrial products, but at preferential rates.

Dan Ujczo is a lawyer at Canadian oil and natural gas producer Cenovus who specializes in North American Trade. He believes that the U.S., Mexico and Canada can overcome their differences and modify and extend the current trade pact by introducing stronger regional content rules, as well as more trade protections for non-market economies like China.

Ujczo stated that the end goal is for Canada and Mexico to have the best access to the United States in the long-term.

Steel Protection: More than Ever

Barry Zekelman of Zekelman Industries, a steel tube manufacturer, told reporters that USTR negotiators informed steelmakers on Wednesday that they will insist that Mexican and Canadian steel that receives preferential tariff treatment in the U.S. be melted and poured within North America.

Zekelman said that there is no requirement for this in the USMCA.

Zekelman, USTR's Director of International Trade, said that the USTR wants Mexico to impose tariffs equal to those imposed by the U.S. on steel imports as well as derivative products made out of steel imported from outside North America.

He added, "They're going now to start closing all of the existing loopholes." (Reporting and editing by Alexander Smith, Rod Nickel; Additional reporting in Detroit by Kalea hall; Writing by David Lawder)

(source: Reuters)