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Mongolia's top court blocks attempt to remove prime minister, deepening the political deadlock

Mongolia's top court blocks attempt to remove prime minister, deepening the political deadlock
Mongolia's top court blocks attempt to remove prime minister, deepening the political deadlock

Mongolia's highest court has ruled that a vote in parliament to remove the prime minister was unconstitutional. Analysts say this could lead to further turmoil as factions within the ruling party fight over the economy.

Montsame, an official news agency, reported Thursday that the Constitutional Court ruled that a motion by the State Great Khural (or parliament) to remove Prime Minister Zandanshatar Gombojav last Friday was without legal basis.

The court agreed with the President KhurelsukhUkhnaa who, on Monday, vetoed a resolution of the Parliament to dismiss Zandanshatar citing procedural errors, such as the use an "incorrect vote formula."

Zandanshatar is expected to have the ability to fend of reformists in the Mongolian People's Party, led by Amarbayasgalan Dashzegve. This was said by Xu Tianchen a senior analyst with the Economist Intelligence Unit.

Zandanshatar wants to implement a conservative economic policy in advance of the 2027 election, and is resisting calls for more anti-corruption policies and progressive taxes.

Analysts say that the conflict could result in a policy impasse, which would be economically harmful. It would worsen the cost of living crisis, and delay efforts to diversify beyond mining. Government instability will also hinder long-term planning, and discourage foreign investment.

Mongolian People's Party is also under pressure to respond to public discontent about allegations that officials of the government misappropriated funds and engaged in corruption.

These concerns sparked massive street protests, including in the capital Ulaanbaatar. This led to the removal of Prime Minister L. Oyun Erdene by parliament four months ago.

Xu said, "I'm worried that the turbulence could last until 2027 as the factional war within the Mongolian People's Party will continue."

"President Khurelsukh tried to defend his country, but as his presidency nears its end, his influence will decrease," he said. "Amarbayasgalan will do everything to dominate the political scene."

COAL-POWERED POLITICS

Zandanshatar was dismissed by the Parliament after his government proposed a change in the calculation of mining royalties from international benchmark prices, to lower domestic prices.

The plan would decrease government revenue, but increase profits for both domestic and foreign mining firms. This would limit the state's capacity to finance infrastructure and social welfare projects.

Customs data shows that Mongolia exported 80 million tons worth $8.6 Billion in coal to China. This cements the commodity as Mongolia's number one export. Around 90% of the coal exported to China.

The International Monetary Fund stated in September that falling coal prices and unpredictable Chinese coal demand, due to a slowing Chinese economy and Beijing's efforts at curbing coal overcapacity, were impacting Mongolia's prospects for growth. They urged officials to push structural reforms.

Eric Olander is the co-founder of China-Global South Project. He said that China would not be affected by politics in the north, so long as the winner can guarantee mineral supplies and remains friendly to Beijing.

Olander said that the increasing number of countries in the region where young people are protesting the erosion of social contracts between the government and the society may start to cause concern.

"They do not want another country on its periphery becoming a variable," Olander stated, citing the uprisings of 'Gen-Z,' in Indonesia, Philippines, and Nepal as well as the instability along China's border with Myanmar and India.

"Young people feel that their governments are screwing them over, which is a kind of populist reaction. Vietnam and China are not immune to this, even though their social contracts are stronger. Joe Cash, Liz Lee, and the Shanghai Newsroom contributed to this report. Editing was done by Muralikumar Anantharaman, Lincoln Feast and Muralikumar Anantharaman.

(source: Reuters)