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Bosnian town searches for answers after hundreds of people test positive for lead

In 2024, a new mine producing silver, barite, and lead opened in the mountainous central Bosnian town of Vares. After decades of economic devastation, new roads, houses, and cafes were built. The population of the small town Vares, in central Bosnia, grew with new workers and residents.

Blood tests in recent months have shown that more than 300 residents living near the mine are exposed to lead. Some of these levels are high, alarming the locals and putting the future of the town into question.

Four Bosnian environmental agencies have filed criminal charges with the Zenica Doboj cantonal prosecutor's office against Dundee Precious Metals. The Canadian mining company acquired the mine from the UK-based Adriatic Metals in September.

Miroslav Pjecinovic, president of Opstanak Vares (Survival) - one of the agencies - said: "We believe that the situation has reached a point where it is appropriate to declare a state of emergency." Someone has to be held accountable.

Toronto-listed DPM admits to a problem, but denies any responsibility.

In December, the company agreed to fund blood tests. Residents said that they requested the blood tests not because of any danger, but because the previous owner of the mine offered to do so. The results revealed that 17 out of 44 residents who lived near the mine's waste?depot and processing plant had elevated levels of lead in their blood.

In subsequent tests, conducted by the health institutes of Sarajevo and Zenica, more than 300 people were found to have lead in their blood, including those who lived further away from Vares.

Lead levels that are too high can cause damage to the brain, nervous system, and learning problems in children. Residents and organizations have said there has been no harm caused by lead exposure, but doctors warn that any level of lead can be harmful.

Vares Health Centre said in March in a report that test results showed no signs of acute poisoning but rather long-term exposure of different environmental factors with a 'low intensity.

The report states that out of the 238 blood tests performed by the Institute for Health and Food Safety in Zenica, 23% of the results were found to be above the danger threshold of 2,8 micrograms/decilitre and 13% of the results were found to be above the 5 micrograms/decilitre.

Local officials stated that such extensive tests were not conducted previously, and it was therefore impossible to determine whether the lead was from the mine, or if it was caused by decades of mining in the region, which is rich with metals.

WATER AND LAND TESTING - FURTHER TEST

DPM joined the working group, formed by officials of the town and doctors in December after first test results. The group began testing the land, water and agricultural products?as well as dust, in areas around the waste depot and processing plant.

In a press release, it said that the company took environmental and health issues seriously and worked with authorities.

It said: "We are of the opinion that environmental and public health issues should be evaluated on the basis expert analysis, verified information and by the appropriate institutional procedures. Without prejudging the responsibility before the relevant process has been completed," it stated.

On Wednesday, charges were filed against ministers of the cantonal and regional governments who environmental groups accuse for failing to do enough to protect residents. Now, the charges will be reviewed. The case is likely to go to court if accepted.

The government of Bosnia’s Bosniak-Croat Federation where Vares, located, is located says that it is working to find a resolution and has formed an ‘expert group’.

Nermin Nikolic, Prime Minister of the Federation, said Monday that "we need to monitor this situation and take appropriate steps when it escalates." The health of the people cannot be put at risk because someone is negligent, invested or has an interest.

"LIFE IS NOT EASY WHEN LEAD IS INVOLVED"

The Ahmedovics, who live close to the mine processing plant, have remained loyal to Vares despite its economic ups-and-downs. They invested in crops and cattle as others left.

They may also move after the family, which included two children, was found to be positive for lead. They also found lead in their 'croplands', which forced them to stop sowing fruit, vegetables, and wheat.

Enisa Ahmadovic said, "I'm not sure if this hay contains lead," while she was feeding cows at her farm. "Life with lead can be difficult."

Residents want answers now.

Emina Veljovic is an expert on environmental law and works at the Aarhus Centre in Bosnia. She said that authorities need to determine "who poisons the children, who poisons the citizens." (Reporting and editing by Edward McAllister, Alex Richardson, and Daria Sito Sucic)

(source: Reuters)