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Shareholder returns from Big Oil show a split in production strategies

Big Oil's earnings for the first quarter of 2018 show a clear division in how companies are positioning themselves to weather a downturn caused by the drop in oil prices, which reached a four-year-low in April.

Investors focused on the question of whether companies would reduce share repurchases because lower crude prices would mean that they would have less cash available to fund these programs. Investors' interest in the oil sector is largely driven by buybacks and dividends. Exxon Mobil, a US oil company, and Shell in the UK kept up their share buybacks. Chevron, a U.S. oil company, and BP (a UK-based oil company) said that they would decrease buybacks during the second quarter. The differences reflect where each company is at in its business cycle. Exxon's Guyana oilfield has produced prolifically, making it the largest offshore oil discovery in more than a decade. Exxon, a major player in both the Permian basin, the largest U.S. oilfield in terms of production, and in Guyana, has increased its production by 20 percent year-over-year. Exxon CEO Darren Woods said that both areas are highly lucrative and the company is trying to reduce its operational costs.

Woods stated in the first-quarter earnings report of his company that "in this uncertain market our shareholders can have confidence in knowing that we are built for it." This week, oil prices fell to their lowest monthly level since 2021 as investors priced the impact of U.S. President Donald Trump’s trade policies on the global economy and fuel demand.

Exxon had a net debt-to-capital of 7%. Kim Fustier of HSBC's European Oil and Gas Research said that Exxon was the only integrated company to not have increased its net debt in the third quarter.

Chevron's oil and gas production in the first quarter of the year was the same as the previous one, due to a combination of growth in Kazakhstan and Permian and a loss from the sale assets. In an attempt to streamline the business and reduce costs by up to $3 billion, Chevron announced earlier this year that it would be laying off up to 20 percent of its employees. Chevron wants to get into the Guyana game by acquiring Hess, one of Exxon’s minor partners in the project. Exxon has been in arbitration for that deal and claims the right of refusal over Hess stake in the project.

Exxon bought $4.8 billion worth of shares in the first quarter. This puts it on track to reach its annual goal of $20 billion. Chevron announced that it would reduce its buybacks from $3.9 billion to $2 billion-$3.5 billion during the current quarter. This is a reduction of $3.9 billion made between January and march.

Jake Behan is the head of capital market at Direxion, a financial products company. He said that Exxon was able to maintain its buybacks due to low production costs, while Chevron reduced theirs as oil prices fell.

Shell impresses, BP disappoints In Europe, Shell’s first-quarter results exceeded analyst expectations. The company announced that it would buy $3.5 billion of shares in the next three month, marking the 14th quarter in a row of a program worth at least $3 billion. BP's profit fell by 48% to $1.4 billion, missing earnings expectations. It also reduced its share buyback from $1.8 billion a quarter to $750 millions a quarterly.

Biraj Borkhataria is an analyst with RBC Capital Markets. He said that after the disappointing results BP may miss consensus expectations by 20% for the second quarter earnings.

He wrote: "The combination (of a weaker free cash flow), higher leverage and patchy implementation leaves us more conservative on the name in comparison to peers."

After a failed effort to aggressively move towards a low-carbon business model, the British oil major has shifted its strategy back to oil and gas. BP underperformed before the recession, which made it a possible takeover target. Shell CEO Wael Sawan stated on Friday that he would prefer to buy more shares of his own company than bid for BP. Shell's investment budget for the year was between $20 billion to $22 billion, while BP announced that it would cut its spending by $500,000,000, to a budget of $14.5 billion.

BP has also said it may sell more assets this year, upping its forecast for sales to between $3 and $4 billion from $3 billion. Reporting by Sheila Dang, Houston; Shadia Nasralla, London; editing by Rod Nickel

(source: Reuters)