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Brasilia hosts a rally of indigenous groups to demand land rights

This week, thousands of Indigenous Brazilians from all over the country are gathering in the capital to demand that their land rights be protected. They are fighting against legislation which could prevent some tribes from reclaiming territory they had to leave.

The powerful farm lobby has backed the 2023 law in dispute, which has sparked protests from indigenous groups who claim it violates the rights they have to ancestral land recognized by Brazil's 1988 Constitution.

The dispute now rests in the hands Supreme Court Justice Gilmar Mendes who, a year earlier, set up a chamber of conciliation for representatives of Indigenous group and the agricultural sector to reach a common ground.

The Supreme Court's chamber for the indigenous umbrella group APIB has been vacated. They claim that their existence is disrespectful of the rights of Brazil’s native communities.

After he left a Tuesday meeting with Mendes, APIB lawyer Mauricio terena said, "What we are seeing is an attempt to despoil Indigenous Rights in various ways."

Mendes was asked by indigenous leaders to dissolve the chamber so that the rest of the bench could decide if the law 2023, which limits their rights, is constitutional. This week, both the Speaker of the House of Representatives as well as the President of the Senate sent letters to Mendes asking him to keep the conciliation room open.

The Justice's Office said in a statement that the "chamber will not remove any protections for Indigenous peoples," without confirming whether it would remain open.

Unnamed source from the Supreme Court said that, despite the protesters' presence, many Indigenous groups have welcomed the discussions in the chamber, and are even considering proposals to allow for more economic activity on their land.

As protesters approached the building, security guards at the legislative houses fired tear gas bombs.

Officials of the Lower House claimed in a press release that protesters attempted to break into buildings. This was denied by activists.

Larissa Gomes Dos Santos from the Xakriaba tribe, one of the demonstrators, said: "We just marched." She added that "a lot of our family members got sick" due to the tear gas.

Indigenous demonstrators added an Indigenous headdress to a replica statue of Justice, blindfolded, in Brasilia, this week.

Signs were displayed by protesters condemning the 2023 Law and the violence that the law, they claim, has caused against tribal groups.

In Mato Grosso do Sul for instance, recent clashes between farmers and the Guarani Kaiowa have left a number of people dead.

As they attempt to reoccupy their land, the group that was expelled in the 1950s has demanded the government demarcate it. During the decades that the Guarani Kaiowa had to leave their land, many farms were built in the area. This led to violent clashes.

Norivaldo mendes, leader of the Guarani Kaiowa, who participated in the march, said: "The situation that we are experiencing is a massacre, murder and illegal mining and logging." "We need to demarcate our land to ensure our future, our lives." Reporting by Manuela Andreoni, Ricardo Brito in Sao Paulo; Lais Morais in Brasilia, Adriano Machado in Brasilia, and Augusta Lunardi, in Brasilia. Additional reporting in Brasilia by Maria Carolina Marcello; Writing and editing by Brad Haynes, Sandra Maler, and Andre Romani.

(source: Reuters)