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Investors desert bullish case for US gasoline: Kemp

U.S. gasoline rates and refining margins have actually come under pressure as inventories diminish more slowly than regular for this time of year, suggesting supplies abound, and undermining the bullish case for the fuel.

Simply over a month earlier, financiers had actually collected among the largest bullish positions in U.S. gas futures and options given that before the pandemic, anticipating that rates would continue climbing up.

Gas had become the most attractive part of the petroleum complex for financiers to wager prices would increase further in the run-up to U.S. presidential and congressional elections in November.

Their bullishness was underpinned by fairly low stocks, work development, strong increases in household earnings and the possibility of an active hurricane season.

Ukraine's drone attacks on refineries in Russia threatened to tighten global materials even further, triggering the Biden administration to caution Ukraine's government to change its targeting.

But the anticipated stock exhaustion and rise in prices has stopped working to materialise, causing investors to liquidate most of their bullish holdings.

U.S. gas inventories were less than 3 million barrels or 1% below the previous 10-year seasonal average on May 10, according to information from the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA).

Instead of swelling, the deficit had narrowed progressively from 6 million barrels or 3% listed below the prior 10-year average 8 weeks earlier on March 15.

Chartbook: https://tmsnrt.rs/3wEjQu1

Neighboring futures rates for gas have fallen much quicker than for crude as traders have actually reassessed the outlook and concluded products will remain ample during the peak summer season driving season.

Second-month U.S. fuel futures costs have recently traded $21 per barrel above front-month Brent, with the premium below more than $28 in the middle of March.

The gasoline futures calendar spread between June and September, covering the driving season, has actually narrowed to a. backwardation of less than $3 per barrel from more than $7 on. March 18.

If gas supplies are going to end up being tight this summer season,. resulting in downward pressure on stocks and upward pressure. on prices and spreads, there has been no indication yet.

Financiers have observed and liquidated a lot of the bullish. long positions in fuel futures and options they had actually collected. by early April.

Hedge funds and other money managers sold the equivalent of. 36 million barrels of gasoline futures and options between April. 9 and May 7.

As a result, fund managers' net position was cut to 49. million barrels (41st percentile for all weeks given that 2013) on. May 7 from 85 million barrels (88th percentile) four weeks. previously.

The hedge fund community had a neutral or even a little. bearish outlook on gas rates having actually been highly bullish. just a month in the past.

Inflation-adjusted pump costs consisting of taxes rose to a. nationwide average of $3.73 per gallon (59th percentile for all. months since 2000) in April up from a low of just $3.23 (38th. percentile) in January, according to the EIA.

But in the first two weeks of May, pump costs have. pulled away somewhat as the impact of lower wholesale rates has. filtered through.

REFINERY HEAD-FAKE

Most of the evident tightening of gas materials in the. very first quarter came from the extended disruption of BP's. refinery at Whiting, Indiana following a site-wide. electrical power failure at the start of February.

Fuel inventories depleted by around 13 million barrels. more than the seasonal average between late January and the. middle of March.

Since then, nevertheless, the refining system has stabilised and. even rebuilt inventories in response to strong refining margins.

U.S. refineries ran at 91.9% of their maximum capacity. over the seven-day duration ending on May 10, the greatest seasonal. utilisation rate since 2017.

Refineries processed an average of 16.7 million barrels per. day (b/d) of crude and other feedstocks, the greatest for the. season considering that 2019.

At the same time, fuel usage has not sped up as. much as anticipated, making it much easier to reconstruct stocks.

Refiners, mixers and importers provided an average of 8.6. million b/d of fuel to the domestic market in February, the. latest data readily available.

The volume supplied, a proxy for consumption, was the lowest. for the time of year since February 2021 (when the pandemic was. still raging) and before that February 2014.

CYCLONE SEASON

Gasoline products are now expected to be comfy. throughout the summertime, which has taken the heat and speculative. froth out of the market.

The primary danger comes from cyclone season, which ranges from. June through November, with storm activity peaking in late. August and early September.

This year's season is most likely to be more active than usual,. and positions a little however non-zero hazard of disrupting significant. refineries clustered along the Gulf of Mexico in Texas and. Louisiana.

In 2023, the variety of cyclones and tropical storms making. landfall on the U.S. Atlantic and Gulf Coasts was below average.

El Niño conditions tend to suppress hurricane development in. the Atlantic and last summer was characterised by the formation. a very strong El Niño episode.

But the El Niño episode is now over and there is an. above-average possibility that it will be replaced by La Niña. conditions that tend to enhance the number of hurricanes.

In addition, sea-surface temperatures in the tropical location. of the North Atlantic are incredibly warm for the time of. year, which will also contribute to the development of more. tropical storms with greater intensity.

Tropical storm formation needs a sea surface area temperature level. of a minimum of 26 ° Celsius (78.8 Fahrenheit), among other complex. conditions.

Surface area temperatures in the tropical North Atlantic were. already 27.4 ° C usually in April, a record for the time of. year, and 1.54 ° C above the 30-year seasonal norm.

The number of typhoons, amongst them storms in the most. severe categories, is most likely to be higher this summer season than in. 2023 and most likely above the long-lasting average.

But not all of them will make landfall and the likelihood. of a direct strike on Texas and Louisiana seaside refineries. remains fairly low.

Major refinery disturbance remains a tail danger, focused. in the months of August and September. The more likely central. circumstance is that gas materials stay comfortable through. the summer driving season.

Related column:

- Financiers bank on additional increase in US gasoline prices (April. 11, 2024)

John Kemp is a market analyst. The views expressed. are his own. Follow his commentary on X https://twitter.com/JKempEnergy.

(source: Reuters)