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Why have Indian stock traders been spooked by the new closing price system?

India's benchmark Nifty has seen a sharp swing in price following the introduction of a new formula for calculating closing prices?for stocks that have derivatives contracts.

The BSE Sensex and the volatility of Wednesday's session triggered a rare, third-straight session divergence. This led to heavy losses among traders.

HDFC Bank, ICICI Bank, and Reliance Industries account for more than?27%. The Sensex is composed of 30 stocks that are all also included in the Nifty 50.

WHAT IS THE NEW METHOD TO DETERMINE CLOSING PRICE?

India introduced on Monday the Closing Auction Session, a separate window of 20 minutes that starts at 3:15 pm IST following regular trading in eligible stocks.

Exchanges will collect orders to buy and sell during this time. The order entry window closes randomly between 3:28 and 3:30 p.m. After 3:30 pm IST and the matching of trades, the price at which maximum volume is possible can be determined.

The new system replaces a previous method in which the closing price was based on an average of the trades that were executed during the last 30 minutes of continuous trading. Stocks without futures or options contracts will continue to be calculated using the old system.

Why has the new method caused divergences between the NIFTY and SENSEX index?

The National Stock Exchange of India stated that?the two exchanges maintain separate orderbooks, which means individual stocks prices can vary between exchanges. This leads to a divergence of index?closing level.

Dealers have the ability to view bid and offer price in regular trading. However, the new system does not allow this visibility during the last 20 minutes.

Divergence may also be due to the different weightings of stocks between the two indices. The NSE has a much higher institutional cash market volume than the BSE.

Why was CAS introduced?

The new process brings India closer in line with global markets and provides a transparent and fair closing price. It also improves the efficiency of executing large orders.

What happened on Tuesday?

Options premiums were affected by the sharp rise in the Nifty50 at the close of Tuesday, which coincided with the expiration of the weekly derivatives contracts.

Traders who lost money on the move said that the 20-minute auction was not a good indicator of where the Nifty50 would end up.

When will?THE DIFFERENCES IN INDEX? CLOSE PRICES end?

Participants in the market expect that as more traders and institutional participants participate, the gap will narrow. Kotak Mutual Fund stated in a letter to investors that they expect pricing inefficiencies to ease as the new system is adjusted.

It said that while the first days of the market may be characterized by temporary price dislocations and valuation volatility, the behaviour should normalize as participants adjust to the new framework.

Reports on Wednesday stated that the regulator would not be able to review the system right away and expected issues to be resolved'soon.

WINNERS & LOSSES

Arbitrage funds that hold positions on both the cash and futures market were among the most benefited by the sudden jump in prices.

A clear arbitrage opportunity was created as cash market prices soared and futures prices lagged.

Retail traders were also caught by surprise and suffered losses. Vivek M. Reporting; Jayshree Upadhyay, Nivedita Bhattacharjee and Nivedita Bhattacharjee.

(source: Reuters)