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The weekly iron ore loss is set to rise on the back of renewed US-China tensions and rising supply
Iron ore futures are headed for a loss of 1% per week, as concerns about the demand outlook are exacerbated by the U.S.-China tensions. This coincides with the prospect of a rising ore supply in the rest of the year. The contract for January iron ore on China's Dalian Commodity Exchange closed the daytime trading 0.19% lower, at 771 Yuan ($108.19), pushing the weekly decline to 3.1%. As of 0755 GMT, the benchmark November iron ore price on Singapore Exchange was $0.65% lower. So far, it has declined by 2%. The price of key steelmaking ingredients was supported by the strong demand from China, the top consumer. This helped to limit further declines on Friday. Mysteel data showed that the average daily hot metal production was 2.41 million tonnes in the week ending October 16. This level indicates a steady ore supply despite a small drop of 0.2% from week to week. Trade frictions between the United States, China and other countries have re-ignited concerns about China's ability to achieve its economic growth goal of 5%. U.S. president Donald Trump has threatened to end some trade relations with China and slap additional 100% tariffs upon imports after Beijing expanded export restrictions last week on rare earths, which are essential for electric vehicles and the defense sector. The expectation of increased supply in the fourth-quarter added pressure to ore prices. Rio Tinto, the world's biggest iron ore supplier, said Tuesday that it must finish strong in order to reach its target for iron ore shipments. Analysts said that other steelmaking ingredients such as coking coal, coke, and others gained 1,46 and 1,64 percent, respectively, due to supply restrictions caused by safety checks. The benchmarks for steel on the Shanghai Futures Exchange have been moving sideways. Rebar was little altered, while hot-rolled coils dropped 0.16%. Wire rod climbed 0.72%, and stainless steel rose 0.68%. $1 = 7.1262 Chinese Yuan (Reporting and editing by Harikrishnan Nair; Amy Lv, Colleen Howe)
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SIG, a British construction company, reports a slowdown in sales
SIG, a British building materials company, said on Friday that the demand for construction materials in Europe remained tepid in the third-quarter, and showed no signs of improvement. As with Travis Perkins and Ibstock, the company has also been hampered by cautious customers who have backed off on projects because of rising costs. SIG of Sheffield, which operates across six European key markets: UK, France Germany Ireland Poland and Benelux said that demand was below historical levels in all markets. European construction is stuck in a cycle and the recovery has taken longer than expected. SIG reported that overall like-forlike sales, which is a measure of revenue from ongoing operations excluding acquisitions or closures, were 664 million pounds (893.81 million). The full-year profit forecast was also unchanged and remained at 31.6 million pounds. SIG's UK revenue grew by 1% during the period due to a strong performance from its interiors division. Ireland and Germany saw the biggest declines, with 11% apiece.
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Gold gains above $4,300/oz for the best week since 17
Gold reached a new record high of $4,300 per ounce on Friday, and was set to have its best week since over 17 years. Investors were drawn to gold by signs of weakness among regional U.S. banks, global trade frictions and a firming bet for rate cuts. As of 0615 GMT spot gold was up 0.8% at $4,359.31 an ounce after reaching a record high earlier of $4,378.69. U.S. Gold Futures for December Delivery jumped 1.6% at $4,372.10. Bullion is on track to have its best week ever since September 2008. Each session has seen a record-high price. Silver spot rose by 0.1%, to $54.26 an ounce. This represents a weekly gain of 8%. Prices reached a new record high earlier in the session of $54.35 as they tracked the rally in spot gold and a squeeze on the short market. Tim Waterer, KCM Trade's Chief Market Analyst, said that the $4,500 target for gold could be reached sooner than expected. However, it will depend on how long the concerns over U.S. China trade and the shutdown of the federal government continue to linger. China has accused the U.S. again of creating panic with its controls on rare earths, but it rejects calls to reverse the export restrictions. Christopher Waller, the U.S. Federal Reserve governor, has also expressed support for a further rate cut in response to concerns about the labour market. Investors expect a reduction of 25 basis points at the Fed meeting on October 29-30 and another in December. Wall Street also closed lower Thursday. Signs of weakness among regional banks have frightened investors who were already jittery over the U.S.-China tensions. Waterer stated that "the resurgence of regional bank credit concerns in the United States has given traders another reason to purchase gold." The non-yielding gold, which does well in low-interest rate environments, has gained over 65% in the past year, thanks to geopolitical tensions and aggressive bets on rate cuts, central bank purchases, dedollarisation, and strong exchange-traded fund inflows. On Thursday, U.S. president Donald Trump and Russian president Vladimir Putin agreed to hold another summit about the war in Ukraine. The West continued to pressurize Russia on its oil sales. Britain even imposed sanctions against major Russian oil companies. Palladium dropped 0.2%, to $1,611.24. Platinum declined 0.7%, to $1699.45. Both metals are headed for weekly gains. (Reporting and editing by Rashmi Soreng, Subhranshu Saghu, and Anmol Choubey in Bengaluru)
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Sources say that Indian refiners rarely purchase Guyanese grades
Sources in the trade said that two Indian refiners bought 4,000,000 barrels of Guyanese oil from Exxon Mobil, a U.S.-based major, to be delivered by the end of 2025, or early 2026. This is a rare import from the South American producer. Indian Oil Corp., the largest refiner in the country by capacity, purchased 2 million barrels (or a grade of crude oil called Golden Arrowhead) for its first purchase. The shipment will arrive late December or early January. Sources said that Hindustan Petroleum Corp., another refiner, had purchased Liza and Unity Gold for the first time. 2 million barrels are due to be delivered during the same period. India diversifies its crude supply by experimenting with new grades of crude oil from South America, where production is increasing. Addition of crude sources will also assist refiners in replacing some Russian oil imports. The U.S. has urged New Delhi to stop purchasing Russian crude in order to end the conflict in Ukraine. Guyana has increased its exports after the fourth floating production facility of a consortium led Exxon reached 770,000 barrels per daily (bpd). Data from Kpler, an analytics firm, showed that the country's crude oil exports hit a record high of 938, 000 bpd last month, since July, when it began exporting GAH, its latest grade. Reporting by Nidhi in New Delhi, and Florence Tan in Singapore. Editing by Clarence Fernandez, Jamie Freed and Clarence Fernandez.
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Huayou will begin production of lithium sulphate in Zimbabwe by early 2026
The company announced on Thursday that Zhejiang Cobalt, a Chinese company, will begin producing lithium sulphate in the first quarter 2026 at its $400 million plant located in Zimbabwe. Zimbabwe is pushing for more local processing. A senior executive told a group of journalists that the newly-completed plant at Huayou’s Prospect Lithium Zimbabwe’s Arcadia Mine has a capacity of more than 50,000 metric tonnes of lithium sulphate per year. Lithium Sulphate is a product intermediate that can be refined to a battery grade material, such as lithium hydroxide and lithium carbonate. Henry Zhu, general manager of Prospect Lithium Zimbabwe, told reporters that the company would begin production at the start of next year. Zhu continued, "The amount of lithium sulphate will be greater than 60,000 tons. However, it depends on the configuration of this plant because it's brand-new." Zimbabwe, Africa's largest lithium producer, has encouraged miners to process this mineral in Zimbabwe to help boost its economy. Huayou acquired Arcadia Lithium Mine for $422 Million in 2022. In 2023, Huayou commissioned a 300 million dollar lithium concentrator. Sinomine, Chengxin Lithium Group and Yahua Group are among the Chinese companies that dominate Zimbabwe's mining of lithium. They produce concentrates, which they then ship back to China. Huayou export 400,000 tons lithium concentrate to Zimbabwe by 2024 In order to encourage more local processing, the country in southern Africa will ban exports of lithium concentrates by 2027. Sinomine announced plans to build an $500 million lithium-sulphate facility at its Bikita Mine in Zimbabwe. (Reporting and editing by Nelson Banya, Lincoln Feast, and Chris Takudzwa Muronzi.
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Gold rallies above $4,300/oz for the best week since 17
The price of gold reached a new record high on Friday, surpassing $4,300 per ounce. Investors were pushed to the metal as signs that regional U.S. banks are struggling, trade tensions around the world, and hopes for further rate cuts pushed them. As of 0439 GMT spot gold was up 0.9% at $4,362.39 an ounce after reaching a record high earlier of $4,378.69. U.S. Gold Futures for December Delivery jumped 1.7% at $4,375.50. Bullion is on track to have its best week ever since September 2008. Each session has seen a record-high price. Silver spot rose by 0.3%, to $54.41 an ounce. This represents an 8.2% increase in the weekly price. Prices reached a new record high earlier in the session of $54.35, following the rally in spot gold and a squeeze on the short market. Tim Waterer, KCM Trade's Chief Market Analyst, said that the $4,500 target for gold could be reached sooner than expected. However, it will depend on how long the concerns over U.S. China trade and the shutdown of the federal government continue to linger. China has accused the U.S. again of creating panic with its controls on rare earths, but it rejects calls to reverse the export restrictions. Christopher Waller, the U.S. Federal Reserve governor, has also expressed support for a further rate cut in response to concerns about the labour market. Investors expect a reduction of 25 basis points at the Fed meeting on October 29-30 and another in December. Wall Street also closed lower Thursday. Signs of weakness among regional banks have frightened investors who were already nervous about the U.S.-China tensions. Waterer stated that "the resurgence of regional bank credit concerns in the United States has given traders another reason to purchase gold." The non-yielding gold, which does well in low-interest rate environments, has gained over 66% in the past year, mainly due to geopolitical tensions and aggressive bets on rate cuts, central bank purchases, dedollarisation, and strong exchange-traded fund inflows. On Thursday, U.S. president Donald Trump and Russian president Vladimir Putin agreed to hold another summit about the war in Ukraine. The West continued to pressurize Russia on its oil sales. Britain even imposed sanctions against major Russian oil companies. Palladium increased 0.3%, to $1 618.95, while platinum fell by 0.4%, to $1 706.45. Both metals are headed for weekly gains. (Reporting and editing by Rashmia Aich, Subhranshu Saghu and Anmol Choubey in Bengaluru).
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Reliance's IT counter-pressure helps India's Nifty reach a one-year high
India's equity benchmarks reversed their early losses on Friday. The Nifty 50 reached a new high of one year, with gains from Reliance Industries before its results, outweighing losses by Infosys, and Wipro. Both companies fell due to margin concerns, despite strong earnings. As of 10:36 am IST, the Nifty 50 index rose by 0.42%, to 25,693.3. This is its highest level since October 1, 2024. The BSE Sensex also increased by 0.50%, to 83887.58. Both indexes dropped about 0.2% when they opened. The benchmarks reached a three-month high on Thursday and are now less than 3% off their record peak in September 2024. Two analysts said that the markets are experiencing a bullish consolidate following a recent rally and before the results from ICICI Bank and HDFC Bank this Saturday, as well as Reliance Post Market on Friday. Reliance Bank and ICICI Bank both rose by 0.9% and 0.6%, respectively. HDFC Bank gained by 0.4%. VK Vijayakumar is the chief investment strategist of Geojit Investments. He said that "good results from HDFC Bank, ICICI Bank, and Reliance can support the markets and if Reliance joins in the rally after its results, then the market can continue to sustain the momentum." Ten of the sixteen major sectors posted gains. Small-caps gained 0.2% while mid-caps lost 0.1%. Analysts raised concerns over margin pressures resulting from recent acquisitions and deal ramp-ups, causing the IT sub-index to drop by 1.3%. Wipro fell 4.5%, despite exceeding second-quarter revenue expectations. Infosys, which reported strong results for the September quarter, also fell 1.8%. CLSA said that the company's revenue forecast for fiscal 2026 of 2% to 3% was too conservative. Asian Paints, a major paintmaker's input, rose by 5% among individual stocks. This was aided by the drop in oil costs, which is a significant factor. Nestle India rose 1.2% after rising 4.5% Thursday, following the release of a report on sales and volume growth for the third quarter. Zee Entertainment dropped 3% following a dramatic drop in its second-quarter profits. (Bharath Rajeswaran, Bengaluru. Sumana Niandy, editing)
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ASIA GOLD - India's festive rush drives gold premiums over 10-year high
The physical gold market in Asia was very strong during this week. Prices broke multiple records and premiums in India reached their highest levels in more than a decade, ahead of the major festivals in this month. Gold prices in the spot market surpassed $4300 an ounce on Thursday for the first. They have gained 7.6% over this past week, amid renewed U.S. China trade tensions, and anticipation of a U.S. interest rate cut. This week, the domestic gold price in India reached a new record of 131 699 rupees for 10 grams. Indian dealers quoted premiums Up to $25 per ounce above official domestic prices including import and sales taxes, compared to $15 last week. Ashok Jain is the owner of Mumbai's gold wholesaler Chenaji Narsinghji. A Mumbai-based bullion seller with a private banking firm said jewellers are stocking up on coins and bars of small denominations in preparation for the festival. Indians celebrate Dhanteras (Diwali) and Diwali later this month. These are occasions when purchasing gold is considered auspicious, and they're among the busiest days for gold purchases in the country. Officials from the government and industry have said that gold smuggling has increased in India due to high prices and shortages. Independent analyst Ross Norman stated that a retail rush on investment gold would normally signal a mature rally. However, almost all expectations regarding gold's price behaviour seem to have been proved wrong. Bullion prices in China were discounted anywhere from $20 to $66 per ounce compared with the global benchmark price . Hugo Pascal is a precious-metals trader with InProved. He said that the global demand for precious metals has returned, as has Chinese demand. Peter Fung of Wing Fung Precious Metals, the head of trading, said that "some people sell jewelry because they want to make a profit". Gold in Hong Kong Singapore sold the same product at a $1.30 premium, whereas Singapore Prices ranged from a $0.50 discount to a $1.30 premium. Pascal stated that "the dealers' inventories continue to deplete in Singapore as the demand for metals is strong." In Japan, gold The price was $1 higher than the spot prices. Tokyo-based trader: "Investors aren't deterred by the high prices; they just buy." (Reporting and editing by Harikrishnan Nair in Bengaluru, Anmol Choubey)
UN report: Major Rwandan coltan supplier bought smuggled Congolese mineral minerals
A forthcoming UN report claims that Rwandan-based Boss Mining purchased coltan from Congo.
Mineral trade is used to finance M23 rebels in eastern Congo
Boss, Rwanda and other countries deny any involvement in the smuggling of goods from Congo
Reade Levinson and David Lewis, Sonia Rolley
According to a report reviewed by the United Nations, a Rwandan company called Boss Mining Solution purchased minerals that were smuggled out of rebel-held areas in neighboring Congo. This helped fund an insurgency there. This is the first time that the U.N. has publicly named a company accused of being complicit in the trafficking of minerals looted in Congo after M23 insurgents took over a major mining area in the country last year. Boss Mining is named in a U.N. document that documents how recent territorial gains by M23 in Congo have further destabilized an area beset by decades-long conflict. U.N. accuses the heavily armed rebels of plundering Congo’s natural resources, and of committing atrocities on civilians. They are backed by Rwanda's government. The report stated that illegal mining and smuggling minerals into Rwanda from M23-controlled zones had "reached unprecedented heights". Diplomats said that the report, which was presented to the U.N. Security Council's sanctions committee for Congo at the beginning of May, will be published shortly. M23 has not responded to our requests for comment. Corporate records show that Eddy Habimana is a Rwandan entrepreneur who runs Boss Mining. U.N. investigators had identified Habimana as a minerals trafficker a decade earlier, with ties to rebels fighting in the eastern Congo. Habimana refused to comment on allegations made in an unpublished U.N. Report. According to Rwandan corporate records, two Russian-born mining executives also own Boss Mining. Yolande Makolo said on Wednesday that the U.N. Report "misrepresents Rwanda’s longstanding concerns about security" regarding Hutu groups who have attacked ethnic Tutsis both in Rwanda and Congo. This threat "requires a defense posture in our borders." The Congolese government spokesperson did not respond immediately to our questions, but officials in the Democratic Republic of Congo have accused Rwanda of fomenting conflict to plunder Congo’s mineral wealth. Mineral sales have been crucial to M23's funding. Insurgents swept through large areas of eastern DRC this year, including mines that produce gold, copper and tin, as well as the largest coltan mining operation in the world. An analysis of 2024 customs records revealed that Boss Mining was one of several Rwandan companies exporting significant volumes of coltan, despite the fact Rwanda produces very little of this metallic ore. Rubaya is the Congolese mine area, now controlled by the M23 group, which produces 15% of all the coltan in the world. The ore can be processed into tantalum, a heat resistant metal that is in demand by manufacturers of mobile phones, computer systems, and other electronics, aerospace, and medical applications. M23 insurgents took control of the two main crossings to Rwanda when they seized Bukavu, a border city located on the Congolese side, and Congo. According to a forthcoming U.N. Report, smuggled Congolese mineral are transported to Rwanda through these cities. They do so at night to "avoid detection." According to the report, 195 tons were discovered in just the last week of march. The report stated that Boss Mining purchased some of the minerals. Habimana responded to previous questions in June about Boss Mining operations by saying that his company had "never purchased coltan" from Rubaya. "All materials we purchase are in compliance with international guidelines designed to ensure mining doesn't fund armed group or contribute to abuses of human rights," he added. M23's rapid advance in eastern Congo has reignited a conflict that dates back to the Rwandan genocide of 1994 and has caused millions of people to be displaced. The rebels are determined to topple the Congolese Government. The Rwandan government has denied for years that it is involved in the trade of coltan looted by its neighbor, or that it supports M23. Rwanda's ruling Tutsi majority party shares the same concern as M23 about the alleged threat of rival Hutu groups in eastern Congo. According to a confidential U.N. document, Rwanda had 1,000 troops in Congo as of April. Rwanda and Congo signed on Friday a peace agreement mediated by the United States that will see Rwandan troops withdrawn from Congo. The agreement does not include the M23. The rebel group is a part of an independent, parallel mediation that Qatar leads to try and end hostilities. Success in these talks is crucial to any lasting peace.
MURKY SUPPLY CHAINS An analysis of customs data revealed that Boss Mining exported 150 metric tonnes of coltan in 2024, worth at least $6.6 million. This figure represented 6.5% of all Rwandan coltan exports in 2024. Boss Mining was the sixth largest exporter of ore for the year. According to a Boss Mining worker who requested anonymity because he wasn't authorized to speak with the media, Boss Mining doesn't mine its own coltan, but instead buys it from Speck Minerals and other sellers. According to an employee of Boss Mining and a database online from the Rwanda Mining Board, the company has a mining license in Rwanda's Burera District where they mine wolframite. According to maps and the mining industry press, there are no major coltan mines in that area. According to reports from the Rwanda Mining Association, and the Rwandan mining press, Habimana also represents Speck Minerals. According to a publication from the 2024 Rwanda Mining Association, Habimana also uses this number for Boss Mining. Boss Mining's employee said that Speck operated two mines, in the Gakenke district and Muhanga district of Rwanda. These mines produce a total of 18 tons of colltan per month. In a 2018 audit conducted by a Thai smelter of the Muhanga Mine, the site owner was listed as Eddy Habimana and the mine name was listed as Speck. According to the audit, the production was 2.3 tons per month at that time. Habimana, in response to questions last month about Boss Mining in text messages, described the two mines in Muhanga & Gakenke as being part of Boss Mining operations. Was unable to verify current production at either mine. Habimana refused to answer any questions regarding Speck, or the employee's claims about production. U.N. investigators as well as non-governmental organisations and sources from the mining industry have accused M23 and their Rwandan supporters of smuggling minerals from Congo illegally for more than a decade. According to a U.N. Report published in December 2024, the scale of the trade increased after M23 took Rubaya. The rebels established a parallel government that controlled mining, trade, transportation, and taxation on minerals produced in the area. U.N. 2024 report stated that the rebels had taken Rubaya and established a parallel administration to control mining activities, trade, transport, and taxation of the minerals produced there. U.N. experts said that the resulting mixing of Congolese coltan with Rwandan production is "the most significant contamination of supply chain" to date. According to the report 2024, M23 received $800,000 per month in taxes from the coltan mines in eastern Congo. Mining experts claim that official statistics on Rwanda's production of coltan are not reliable. In May 2024, the central bank of Rwanda suspended publishing export statistics shortly after M23 had seized Rubaya. An analysis of the customs records revealed that Rwanda exported 2,300 tons ore coltan last year. Eleven geologists and mining experts who are based in the area said that Rwanda exports much more coltan than it produces. They have all visited mines and found that the Congo has a much larger mine site and more miners. Bill Millman, a mineral consultant based in the UK, said that Rwanda's coltan exports for 2024 are "totally implausible". Rwanda's government has not commented on its coltan output. In January, the DRC cut diplomatic ties with Rwanda after M23 took over the Congolese capital of Goma. Congo's army has repeatedly struggled to quell Rwanda-backed revolts. Kigali, however, has benefited for years from the corruption in the Congolese minerals trade and the lack of regulation.
RUSSIAN CONNECTION Rwandan records of company show that Boss Mining, which was established in 2013, is owned by Habimana. The managing director denied buying Congolese colltan. These records reveal that Boss Mining also has two other owners, Yuriy tolmatchev (the managing director who denied purchasing Congolese coltan) and Alexander Konovalchik. According to UK and Russian company records, and Russian mining press reports, both men are dual citizens of the UK and Russia and have worked in the mining sector for decades. Now they live and work in Britain. According to corporate records, the two men own other companies which buy the coltan from Boss Mining. They are also directors of Metarex Ltd., according to Cyprus corporate records. According to corporate records from the United Arab Emirates provided by corporate intelligence firm Diligencia, Metarex is 100% owner of Novacore FZE. Tolmatchev manages Novacore, which according to corporate records and an analysis of customs data, purchases all the coltan produced by Boss Mining. Tolmatchev declined to comment on Novacore’s purchases. He stated that Boss Mining was the smallest exporter of coltan in Rwanda but refused to give more details. He said he had no idea what local traders were doing in North Kivu, the Congo province where the Rubaya mine is located. Tomaltchev responded that the company does not buy material from Congo. Konovalchik was not able to comment on the U.N. Report. He said that all minerals purchased by Boss Mining are "from Rwandan Sources". He then referred any further questions to Habimana. He said, "I don't control day-to-day operations." Reade Levinson reported from London, David Lewis from Nairobi, and Sonia Rolley from Paris. Filipp Lebedev contributed additional reporting from London. Marla Dickerson, Silvia Aloisi and Marla Dickerson edited the article.
(source: Reuters)