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Jet fuel in Europe is running out as tensions with Iran escalate

Europe imported 'jet fuel' from the U.S., Asia and other regions. It also increased its refiners output and drew on stock to keep planes in the air. Yet it remains the most vulnerable region as Middle East tensions increase the risk of supply disruption.

Britain, France and Germany are especially vulnerable on a continent that is more dependent than others on Middle Eastern oil shipments through the Strait of Hormuz due to decades of refinery closings.

The Strait was reopened to a limited extent in June after U.S. and Israeli airstrikes launched a war against Iran.

Strikes by both sides threatened a fragile ceasefire in July.

According to data from Energy Aspects, dated 18 June, a deficit of 600,000 barrels per day is expected in Europe in the third quarter. This compares with surpluses in the United States of 116,000 barrels per day and Asia-Pacific of 425,000 barrels per day.

Energy Aspects reported that inventories in the United States were 99 million barrels, while the European stockpiles stood at 38 millions barrels. Calculations show that Europe has less than 30 day's supply to cover demand -- the tightest market of all the major jet fuel markets.

According to the latest data from the International Energy Agency, the jet fuel stock at the end May was 10% higher than the previous year, and refinery production rose 30%. These figures also indicated only a one-month 'leeway.

Janiv Shah, an analyst at Rystad, said: "We still expect some tightness until August at this rate."

The European Commission also acknowledges that the situation could worsen.

EU Energy Commissioner Dan Jorgensen stated in June that the bloc was facing tighter jet-fuel stocks as the holiday season approached. He also said that Brussels would coordinate the release of national reserves, if necessary.

CARGOES FROM SOUTH KOREAN TO CANADA

Up until the outbreak of war in the Middle East at the end February, Europe relied on Middle East jet fuel for about half of its imports.

Analysts had predicted that the worst hit countries would be African ones, who sourced almost all of their jet fuels from the Middle East.

According to Kpler, a commodities intelligence company, data shows that they have increased their imports of Nigerian refinery Dangote, as well India and Oman.

Europe has so far avoided a shortage of supplies by turning to other sellers such as Canada.

Kpler data shows that in June, Europe imported the most jet fuel since October 2025.

Kuwait, Canada and South Korea were also among the top exporters of goods to Europe.

In June, imports from India reached their highest level since February. Nearly 25,000 barrels of Kuwaiti oil per day are due to arrive for the first time in early March via a ship-to ship transfer on board the Proteus Harvonne in August.

Kuwait was a major jet supplier to the region before the flow of jets was interrupted.

Italian refiners have increased their jet fuel production 10% in the first 4 months of this year.

According to UNEM, the Italian fuel producers' association, imports of both countries fell by 6%. This allowed domestic production to cover nearly 70% in March and April.

Industry sources claim that Eni, which produces around half of Italy's jet-fuel, increased production by importing semifinished products from outside Europe.

The jet fuel price in Northwest?Europe has fallen from $215.32 a barrel at the end of March to $133.27, which eases pressure on airlines. Fuel accounts for 20% to 25% of airline operating costs.

Analysts say that immediate discounts on air tickets are unlikely as the demand for flights is high and the capacity is limited. This is especially true after many airlines cut flights in order to maximize fuel supplies.

(source: Reuters)