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U.S. manufacturers battle to grow again without interest rate cuts: Kemp

U.S. producers are having a hard time to gain back momentum as the sector attempts to take out of the prolonged however shallow decline, with any help from lower rate of interest postponed due to continuing inflation in the service sector.

The desultory state of factory and freight activity has restricted diesel usage, postponed the anticipated depletion of fuel stocks, and caused refining margins to soften.

The Institute for Supply Management (ISM)'s acquiring index slipped to 47.8 (18th percentile for all months because 1980) in February down from 49.1 (25th percentile) in January.

The index has actually been below the 50-point limit dividing expanding activity from a contraction for 16 months running because November 2022.

The production recession has actually been the most extended considering that the downturn of 2000-2002 and before that 1981-1983.

Both of those recessions were cycle-ending economic crises rather than mid-cycle downturns, characterised by a far more extreme contraction in activity.

By contrast, in the current slowdown manufacturing output has declined less than 2%, according to data from the U.S. Federal Reserve.

Chartbook: U.S. production and diesel

The worst of the existing decline was over by the second and third quarters of 2023, but makers have actually since struggled to regain momentum.

The ISM production sub-index slipped to 48.4 (14th. percentile) in February from 50.4 (22nd percentile) in January. and was no higher than in July 2023.

The brand-new orders sub-index was up to 49.2 (20th percentile) in. February from 52.5 (34th percentile) in January and was no. much better than September 2023.

Manufacturers often find it difficult to regain momentum after a. mid-cycle soft spot-- triggering the reserve bank to intervene. by cutting interest rates.

In this instance, nevertheless, rate decreases have been. postponed by residual strength in services. Persistent inflation. in the much larger and more labour-intensive services sector. limitations scope to supply relief for manufacturers.

Makers of costly items such as vehicles, furniture and. computer devices require lower interest rates to stimulate home. and company costs and loaning.

However with service sector rates increasing more than twice as. quick as the reserve bank's versatile average inflation target,. policymakers have limited scope to supply more stimulus.

The central bank is challenged with a two-speed economy and. can not help makers without running the risk of services overheating.

DIESEL INTAKE

U.S. usage of diesel and other extract fuel oils. has actually fallen in line with the extended however shallow slowdown in. manufacturing and freight activity.

There has been no continual growth in extract consumption. since the middle of 2022 as the production sector has actually been. stuck in the doldrums.

Petroleum-derived diesel consumption has really fallen. because of the small however increasing market share captured by. biodiesel and sustainable diesel.

The volume of petroleum-derived extract fuel oil provided. to the domestic market (a proxy for consumption) was down to 3.6. million barrels daily (b/d) in December 2023.

The volume slipped from 3.8 million b/d in December 2022 and. 4.0 million b/d in December 2021, according to information from the. U.S. Energy Information Administration.

Over the exact same period, biodiesel and sustainable diesel. supplied increased to 0.3 million b/d from 0.2 million b/d in. December 2022 and 0.16 million b/d in December 2021.

In spite of lacklustre usage, distillate stocks remain. well listed below the long-term average and have shown no sign of. rebuilding.

Substantial interruption of fuel manufacturing at BP's refinery. at Whiting in Indiana following a site-wide power failure has. contributed to the diesel shortage.

U.S. petroleum-derived extract stocks were 15. million barrels (-11% or -0.93 standard deviations) listed below the. prior ten-year seasonal average on Feb. 26.

The deficit had widened from 11 million barrels (-8% or. -0.77 basic deviations) at the end of 2023, according to. weekly figures from the Energy Details Administration.

As soon as, Distillate stocks are anticipated to tighten greatly. manufacturing and freight activity begins to accelerate again,. putting strong upward pressure on fuel prices.

Slack commercial activity and fuel demand has actually pressed the. expected timeframe deeper into 2024 and caused fuel rates to. fall.

Costs for ultra-low sulphur diesel provided in May 2024. are trading at a premium of around $31 per barrel over U.S. crude, however the premium has actually moved from almost $40 in early. February.

Related columns:

- Consistent U.S. services inflation threatens soft landing. ( February 14, 2024)

- Diesel prices primed to increase dramatically in 2024 (February 6,. 2024)

- U.S. makers poised for resumed development, diesel. shortage (February 2, 2024)

John Kemp is a market analyst. The views revealed. are his own. Follow his commentary on X https://twitter.com/JKempEnergy.

(source: Reuters)