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Hurricane Milton: Fact-checking conspiracies, rumors and AI images

By Esther Chan, Hardik Vyas, Lydia Morrish

- The aftermath of Hurricane Milton has left a path of false information surrounding relief efforts in hard-hit Florida, consisting of conspiracy theories about officials controlling the weather.

The storm's devastation was not as serious as initially feared in Florida, among the lots of states that were battered by Hurricane Helene nearly two weeks earlier.

A wave of misinformation saw a minimum of three congressional Republicans condemn conspiracy theories duplicated by fellow members of their party.

Social media accounts likewise shared AI-generated material showing incorrect imagery of the damage. Others used AI to enhance political messages ahead of the Nov. 5 election.

This concept of affecting people's perception of reality, and the real impact it has, is huge, stated Henry Ajder, an independent adviser on generative AI.

We are seeing on social networks the narrative around Democrats controlling the weather, AI-generated imagery of how FEMA (Federal Emergency Management Firm) are stopping working ... fueling a quite despiteful and impactful fire. This makes it more difficult for these people to do their job in extremely challenging scenarios.

Here are some of the false information narratives that emerged:

CLAIM: Images reveal flooded Disney World in Orlando

WHAT WE UNDERSTAND

AI-generated images were shared online together with incorrect captions stating they showed the devastation triggered by the storm at the theme park.

An analysis run through TrueMedia.org, an online deepfake detection platform, concluded there is substantial proof of control, adding that text-to-AI image generator Steady Diffusion was the likely source of these images.

Hany Farid, a digital forensics professional at the University of California, Berkeley, said in an e-mail that their designs flagged these images as most likely AI-generated.

These 3 images are (not very good) AI-generated images, he added. There are tell-tale and apparent structural problems in all images including inconsistent reflections in the water.

The danger of this content is that it even more muddies the waters as authorities are trying to save lives and it casts everything we see into doubt. This poisoning of the details environment is exceptionally hazardous for our society and democracy.

The amusement park, which was closed on Wednesday and Thursday, reopened on Friday however its website did not define if there was any damage at the place. Walt Disney World did not react to an ask for comment.

CLAIM: Video revealing frequency waves pumping through Typhoon Milton are not natural

WHAT WE UNDERSTAND

A 41-second clip shared on X, clocking over 1.5 million views, reveals a wall of clouds turning around a central core and periodic blue flashes appearing in or around those clouds.

The video was shared as supposed proof of abnormal frequency waves emerging from Milton, recommending the storm was crafted to be a weapon.

But the video can be traced to an Instagram post released by the Cooperative Institute for Research in the Environment (CIRA) at Colorado State University.

A CIRA representative told Reuters that frequency waves do not exist and the video shows cloud motion throughout the formation of Milton with lightning colorized blue for exposure.

CLAIM: Underwater images shows HAARP facility managing Florida weather condition

WHAT WE UNDERSTAND

A video shared online reveals a person utilizing Google Maps' satellite images around Florida to zoom in on an underwater facility, claiming it belongs to the Alaska-based High-frequency Active Auroral Research Program (HAARP), which has actually often been invoked in stories suggesting the federal government can control the weather condition.

However the image shows a coral nursery off the Florida Keys run by a preservation group, not a HAARP center.

A spokesperson for HAARP also told Reuters: HAARP can't produce, modify or manipulate a hurricane.

CLAIM: FEMA official states they have strategies to execute individuals in an audio clip

WHAT WE UNDERSTAND

A 2021 audio clip repurposed online to make false suggestions that FEMA had plans to execute people as Cyclone Milton barreled towards Florida earlier today collected over 800,000 impressions.

In the initial clip (timestamp 20:03) from a Senate Armed Solutions Committee hearing on the Afghanistan withdrawal, U.S. Secretary of Defense Lloyd Austin is seen making an evident verbal slip-up, stating, we prepare to perform ... before remedying himself while detailing the evacuation prepare for 70,000-80,000 people.

CLAIM: FEMA funds for catastrophe relief are utilized to house prohibited immigrants

WHAT WE UNDERSTAND

This is deceptive. Posts on social networks have accused the Biden-Harris administration of diverting funds allocated for FEMA disaster relief to assist home prohibited immigrants.

These unproven claims were amplified by Republican governmental candidate Donald Trump and Congressman Jim Jordan.

But FEMA's page responding to hurricane-related reports states, No cash is being diverted from disaster response requirements.

FEMA's Catastrophe Relief Fund got over $20 billion from Congress for fiscal 2024, according to its Budget Overview (page 7).

The Shelter and Solutions Program, created in 2023 and administered by FEMA, is a different appropriated grant program to supply shelter to noncitizen migrants following their release from the Department of Homeland Security (DHS).

When the program was first created, Congress directed U.S. Customs and Border Security to move $800 million from its operations budget plan to FEMA for the Shelter and Solutions Program.


(source: Reuters)