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UN chief scolds countries for failing to meet climate goals as Brazil hosts COP30 Leader's summit

U.N. Secretary General Antonio Guterres ripped into nations for failing to limit warming to 1,5 degrees Celsius. Brazil hosted world leaders in Belem, a rainforest city for a summit before the COP30 Climate Conference.

Scientists confirm that the world will cross the threshold of 1.5 C around 2030. This could lead to extreme warming and irreversible effects.

Guterres stated in his speech that "too many corporations make record profits by destroying the climate, and billions are spent on lobbying, misleading the public, and obstructing advancement." "Too many politicians remain captive to entrenched interests."

Subventions for fossil fuels amount to about $1 trillion per year.

Guterres stated that leaders have two options: "We can either choose to lead, or we can be led into ruin."

"ALARMING STREAK" OF RECORD HEAT

The COP30 marks 30 years since the global climate negotiations started. In the past three decades, countries have made some progress in reducing emissions, but not nearly enough to stop what scientists call extreme global warming within the next few years.

The World Meteorological Organization has announced that this year will likely be the second or third warmest in history, with temperatures averaging 1.42 C higher than the preindustrial norm through August. This follows record heats in 2023 and 2020.

WMO Secretary General Celeste Saulo stated that "the alarming streak" of extreme temperatures continued with the release of the report.

A small group of indigenous folk sang and marched around the venue, which is still being built ahead of the summit's start next week. They also urged the protection of forests and peoples worldwide.

The flotilla that was to bring indigenous leaders and activists from the Amazon Basin down the rivers to the conference has been delayed. It will arrive next week.

About 150 leaders of subnational governments, international organizations, and heads of state were scheduled to give speeches on the summit's Thursday and Friday. These speeches would be broadcast around the world.

Only the European Union leader was present, as the leaders of China, the United States and India, four of the five world's most polluting economies, were absent.

Unlike the other countries, the U.S. government has chosen not to send anyone to the talks. Top U.S. officials instead were in Greece on Thursday, alongside fossil fuel giant Exxon Mobil(XOM.N), as they signed a deal to explore offshore natural gas.

Some people said that the absence of the United States at COP30 could allow countries to discuss actions without a single player dominating the result.

"Without the U.S., we can see a true multilateral conversation taking place," said Pedro Abramovay. He is vice president of Open Society Foundations, and was a former minister of justice under President Luiz inacio Lula da So.

'NEW SPACE FOR MULTILATERALISM'

Lula had planned to meet bilaterally with UK Prime Minister Keir Mermer, French President Emmanuel Macron, and German Chancellor Friedrich Merz on Thursday, following a one-on-one meeting on Wednesday with Chinese Vice Premier and leaders from Finland, the European Union, and China.

Abramovay stated, "At a time when many people claim that multilateralism is dead, I believe there is room for a new multilateralism which isn't built top-down from powerful countries to poor countries."

Brazil hopes that the World Leaders Summit can deliver at least 10 billion dollars of its $125 billion target for its newly established Tropical Forest Forever Facility. It estimates that this would be sufficient to begin generating funds for conservancy.

China, Norway, and Germany were all expected to announce their contributions at Belem after Brazil announced the first investment, and Indonesia matched it.

The United Kingdom, who helped define the structure of the fund, disappointed the world on Wednesday by announcing that there would be no cash offered.

(source: Reuters)