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Spanish wildfire victims were left to their own devices because of patchy warnings and outdated plans

Twelve people died on July 9 trying to escape wildfires in the southern Spanish mountain village of Bedar. Regional officials claimed that some?of those who died had refused to stay at home. Five residents and survivors said they never received any advice. Two others, who did receive warnings when the fire, one of Spain's most deadly, approached, reported that these came through church bells, WhatsApp Groups and home visits by local officials in a piecemeal manner. Bob Layton, an?old British technical manager?, claimed he did not receive any warnings or instructions on how to deal with the fire. He drove away one minute before the fire engulfed the house in Paraje el Curato. This is a hamlet located about 2.5 km (1.55 mi) from Bedar, where the majority of victims died while trying to escape.

Burns claimed the life of a British woman aged 93.

Layton stated, "If I'd been told to stay inside my house we would all have died - the place was destroyed."

"I knew which track to use to escape, but others tried to take a slightly different track or a slightly longer route, and did not survive. The fire turned into an inferno.

In Paraje el Curato, some homes were destroyed and others were not.

Eight neighbours, who lived near Layton, attempted to leave Paraje el Curato along the same road, but were unable to do so because of the fire. After abandoning their vehicles and trying to leave on foot, they died in the fire. Four other people died in another convoy of vehicles.

The fire did not reach the hamlet for 3.5 hours, at which point the main road was already blocked.

Antonio Sanz, the head of emergency services in Andalusia said that the region decided to not use an emergency alert system which sends alerts to mobile phone for the fire, because it could not be tailored to specific communities where some need to evacuate while others stay at home. Madrid, Aragon, and Castile-La Mancha used the system last week to warn of wildfires.

In a statement issued on July 11, the Andalusia Government said that Bedar's Mayor and other officials went door-to-door in the area, giving advice. They also advised victims in Paraje el Curato not to leave their shelter.

Sophie Vandebroek's brother Stanislas was one of those killed. She said that he did not receive a warning which would have allowed them to safely evacuate.

She said, "Stanislas and seven of his neighbors would be alive today if there had been a communication system that sent out an emergency alert when the fire broke, before my brother even saw the fire."

She said that she and her family spoke with the victims' families and the mayor. Some families had talked to their loved ones about whether or not they should leave.

She added, "It seems that no one who died received an official communication before the time it was too late."

Bedar Town Hall did not respond to email or phone requests for comment. The mayor of Bedar, Angel Collado declined an interview request.

The spokesperson for the local police confirmed that all relevant facts regarding the fire are being investigated, but did not make any further statements as the case has been sealed. The spokesperson for Andalusia’s Supreme Court stated that the judge is basing his investigation on the cause.

FIRE SPREADING FASTER

Wildfires are spreading faster and more often in Europe. Experts say that it is important to communicate evacuation plans as well as safety details long before the fire starts.

The public should be informed in advance about the dangers in the area and the evacuation routes. They must also know the basic measures for self-protection. It is important to map out the scattered houses, plan evacuations, and carry out drills. This was explained by Fernando Medina, professor of geography at University of Las Palmas of Gran Canaria.

Almeria is the Andalusian region that includes Bedar. Only 42 of 103 municipalities had emergency plans, which included wildfires. According to the Andalusia Government, only nine municipalities had updated their fire plans every four years in areas of risk.

A spokesperson for the Andalusian Government said that Bedar's Emergency Plan was approved last in 2019. It is currently being updated. Wildfires are a risk for the municipality.

When asked about the lack plans, the spokesperson stated that the Andalusian Government provides advice and assistance but it is the responsibility of the municipalities to update their emergency plans.

Bedar's Town Hall did not respond to a number of requests for comments on its evacuation plans or whether it had conducted wildfire drills.

According to an online announcement, the Almeria provincial government met with 49 municipalities in Los Gallardos in February to discuss how to streamline updating emergency plans. Bedar Town Hall did not respond to an inquiry asking if it participated in the meeting.

Some people who lived nearer to Bedar, but not the hamlet itself, did receive warnings. Waheed Mumtaz said that police told him to evacuate at 10:30 pm.

Juan Pedro, Juan Pedro is a waiter in Bedar's Miramar Restaurant. He said that the church bells started ringing shortly after the fire began. He said he received a message from the townhall via WhatsApp telling him to evacuate.

He said that as soon as the smoke was visible, the bells rang, and the word spread, everyone in the village knew to leave.

Not everyone was part of that WhatsApp group. Pedro Tierney, 31 saw the fire far away and ran home to escape with his aunt and grandmother by car.

He said that it was his "gut feeling" that he had to leave, and that he did not receive any alerts to evacuate.

David Alexander, professor emeritus of emergency planning at University College London, explained that wildfires can be blown in a different direction by the wind. This makes it difficult for authorities to communicate instructions.

He said that the haphazard nature of the messages during this fire indicates poor planning. He said they should have used an alert, even if it was not possible to send specific instructions, to warn people of the fire.

Layton called on authorities to work with residents to develop a plan to alert people to imminent dangers in the future.

He said: "I don't want to blame anyone - everything happened so fast - but it was despicable for them to try and assign blame." Reporting by Nina Lopez; Additional reporting by Emma Pinedo and Alexandra Hudson; Editing by Alexandra Hudson

(source: Reuters)