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Can COP30 help frontline resilience in the face of more heat and storms?

COP30 discusses how to measure climate adaptation and pay for it

Farmers say that they are not receiving enough climate funding

Extreme weather events are increasing and requiring more funding for adaptation.

Clar NiChonghaile

This kind of climate change is not uncommon in Parana, where the summers are now hotter and the winters colder. Droughts have also become more frequent.

Six people were killed by a tornado that struck Rio Bonito do Iguacu, Parana on November 7.

Bevilacqua Mendonca (35), wants COP30 to do more for smallholder farmers to adapt to extreme weather by providing them with funds to access knowledge, marketing tools, and early warning systems.

In the vast complex that hosts the COP30, noisy air conditioners blast icy cold air into some corridors as other areas swelter.

According to the latest Adaptation Gap Report by the United Nations, the gap between the measures taken to combat climate change and the ones still needed is $310 to 365 billion dollars per year. However, only $26 billion is provided each year.

The Global Goal on Adaptation adopted as part 2015 Paris Agreement for combating climate change is supposed to provide a framework to measure progress. However, there was no way to clearly track what has happened until now.

In Belem countries are attempting to agree on 100 indicator that everyone could use, in theory, for a better understanding of what works and who is the most vulnerable.

Bevilacqua Mendonca is the global relationship manager for INOFO - an international network of organic farmers. She fears that their voices won't be heard.

"We face the most severe consequences and we're the ones who bring you food." He said that smallholder farmers produce more than 50% of all calories in the world but receive less than 1% the funding they need.

We want to make sure that the global goals discussions are actually aimed at us.

Finance Gap

Climate change is affecting 3.6 billion people, or nearly half the world population. This includes worsening floods, droughts, and storms as well as heat stress and food shortages.

According to the Climate Risk Index created by Germanwatch, an independent environmental and human rights organization, extreme weather caused more than 832, 000 deaths and $4.5 trillion of direct economic losses between 1995 and 2024.

Adaptation financing is intended to fund everything from infrastructure that can withstand flooding to agriculture that can withstand drought, to early warning systems, and risk transfer mechanisms such as insurance.

Rich countries pledged double funding for climate adaptation at COP26 Glasgow in 2021. But that agreement expires in this year.

The Least Developed Country Group, consisting of 44 countries, calls for a tripled grant-based adaption finance to $120 billion by 2030.

"There is a financial gap for adaptation, and adaptation remains costly." In an interview during the talks, Anne Rasmussen (acting chair of the Alliance of Small Island States - AOSIS) said that it was important to agree on a financial goal.

She said that events like Hurricane Melissa which caused havoc in the Caribbean last week, have set back countries by decades.

By the time we are rebuilt and standing again, a new cyclone, extreme drought, or heatwave will come.

World Resources Institute published a study in May that found every $1 invested in adaption could generate over $10.50 of economic, social and environment benefits.

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Sebastian Osborn is the global policy manager for Mercy For Animals. The organization campaigns for sustainable food system. He said that global goal indicators are a guiding star to adapt and take action.

Osborn noted that in the first week, there were already divisions. Some countries were concerned the indicators could be used to condition receiving financial aid, while others wanted financial support for reporting on the indicators.

Illari Aragon is the climate justice policy leader for Christian Aid, a group that fights poverty. She said that negotiators should not create a framework which entrenches inequality or leads to ineffective measures.

She said: "We do not want indicators to be pushed through in Belem which could see money being spent on bad projects. Like a seawall in the Philippines, which blocked drainage and trapped the water on the incorrect side, causing larger problems."

Mohamed Adow is the director of the environmental group Power Shift Africa. He said that the indicators can be used to create a "common vocabulary" for measuring progress in such areas as food and water systems. However, they should not take away from the necessity to provide financial support to adapt to climate change.

He said that pretending to make progress by establishing a measurement system could ultimately distract from securing the adaptation finance.

I come from a pastoralist family and know that no matter how many times you weigh the cow, it won't get fatter.

According to the Adaptation Gap Report, both the public and private sector must do more without adding debt to vulnerable nations.

Bevilacqua, a mushroom farmer in Campo Largo, said that "it is more than urgent" for family farmers.

He uses agroforestry to integrate trees and shrubs into crops and livestock in order to improve soil productivity and health. These trees reduce emissions as well by storing carbon.

(source: Reuters)