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US, Mexico set more USMCA talks for September amid differences over autos content

US, Mexico set more USMCA talks for September amid differences over autos content
US, Mexico set more USMCA talks for September amid differences over autos content

U.S. officials and Mexican officials announced on Thursday that they would meet in September for a 'fourth round' of negotiations to revamp North American trade agreements. This follows a week-long discussion which revealed disagreements about changes to the automotive content rules, among other things.

This week, U.S. trade representative Jamieson Greer held a meeting with Mexican President Claudia Sheinbaum as well as Economy Minister Marcelo Ebrard during a third round discussion on the U.S.-Mexico-Canada Agreement.

In a statement released after the conclusion of the talks, Greer and Sheinbaum said they discussed autos and economic security, agriculture, electronic payments, and steel and aluminum.

The statement stated that "Ambassador Greer" and President Sheinbaum had agreed on the importance and urgency of bilateral cooperation, and emphasized the need to?grow North American manufacturing and strengthen regional supply chains, and address free-riding by non-parties like China.

The statement stated that Greer and Ebrard had agreed to hold a fourth round of bilateral negotiations in Washington, D.C. in early September.

Ebrard, in a statement released separately on Thursday, said that the conversations were "constructive" and had led to progress on topics such as steel, aluminum, and import substitution from Asia.

Canada was excluded from the bilateral talks. The talks come as the two countries are renegotiating the six-year-old deal, which governed nearly $1.6 trillion of regional trade in the past that was duty-free. Negotiations could extend into next year and prolong the uncertainty in business and investments that Mexico and Canada are trying to reduce.

Two sources who were familiar with the negotiations, but spoke on condition of anonymity due to the sensitivity of the closed door talks, said that the two sides are still far apart on important issues.

Sticking Points

Washington's requirement that cars contain at least 50% U.S. content in order to be eligible for preferential access is one of the main sticking points.

One of the sources stated that the proposal was a non-starter with the Mexican government. Mexico will not accept "even 1 percent" of American content. One of the sources added that this provision would "open the door to a possible increase in the future".

The current trade agreement requires that vehicles contain at least 75% North American-made content in order to be eligible for duty-free treatment. 40% of the vehicle's components must be produced by workers who earn at least $16 an hour, a threshold which is met both in the U.S.A. and Canada. The agreement does not specify a specific percentage of content from any country.

Mexico wants Washington to lower "Section 232", national security tariffs, of 25% on automobiles and 50% on aluminum and steel from Mexico and Canada, before it makes concessions on any other issue. Trump, however, has not shown any signs of easing tariffs.

Mexican auto factories currently face a cost disadvantage compared to their competitors from Japan, South Korea, and the European Union who are subject to a 15% duty to export vehicles to the U.S. without any regional content requirements.

A source familiar with these talks stated that the U.S. had told Mexican officials to come up with alternative solutions to Trump's goals, which include bringing more auto production to the U.S. and replacing Asian components in the North American supply chains.

The Trump administration decided not to extend the USMCA on July 1. Instead, it started a 10-year clock that would wind down the agreement unless changes could be agreed.

Greer stated in his Senate testimony on Wednesday that he hopes to reach interim trade agreements this year with Mexico and Canada, while taking on the more difficult USMCA questions such as auto content standards, labor, and environmental regulations in 2027.

Kevin Brady, former U.S. Representative from Texas, who chaired the influential U.S. House Committee on Ways and Means and is a supporter of the North American Trade Pact, said: "At this stage, each (negotiation round) adds value." "The negotiations are in a good place."

(source: Reuters)