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As the war in Iran drags on, rising fuel prices are hitting US farms.

Energy costs are squeezing soybean and grain growers in the U.S. Farm Belt as the Iran War chokes fuel supply through the Strait of Hormuz, pushing diesel prices to record highs. Farmers were already under pressure and faced a fourth consecutive year of shrinking margins due to a resurgent dry spell, high input costs, and the fallout from President Donald Trump's policies on trade, which has impacted crop prices. Diesel prices in the Midwest, America’s main corn- and soybean-producing region rose to record highs as a result of the conflict in May. This was just as farmers were ramping up spring fieldwork and planting. Wisconsin diesel reached $5.873 a gallon in mid-May, Indiana $6.167 and Illinois $6.14. According to the data of the AAA, Ohio and Michigan have also set records. Since the Middle East conflict started, the national average diesel has increased by more than 40%. The global crude oil price, which is the basis for diesel and gasoline, has risen by about 30% since late February.

Diesel is used to power equipment on farms in the U.S. for a variety of field operations. From spraying pesticides, planting seeds, and fertilizing fields, to harvesting and harvesting crops.

Most U.S. farming machinery is designed to run solely on diesel. This leaves farmers exposed to the volatility of diesel prices.

"It is a very expensive cost," said Glenn Brunkow who raises cattle and soybeans in Wamego. We can't do much about it and didn't budget for it. We were surprised by the suddenness of it. Ben Klieve of Benchmark Analysis, citing University of Illinois estimates, stated that fuel-related costs accounted for 3% to 4 % or $16 to $ 23 per acre on average, prior to the war. Klieve stated that if diesel prices remain at the current level, fuel costs for row-crop farmers could increase to between 5% and 6% of their total input costs. This would mean a jump from $20 per acre to $30 per acre. He said that row-crop farmers are facing a difficult situation. The prices of grain they produce have dropped sharply over the past few weeks, and are even lower than the levels before the Iran war. However, input costs such as diesel and fertilizer are still significantly higher. This is affecting their bottom line.

FARMERS BEAR LOSSES

Tom Murphy, a corn and soybean farmer in northwest Indiana, said that he had delayed plans to turn the soil on fields he recently rented because he didn't want to waste fuel operating his machinery.

Murphy planned to level five fields before prices spiked to make it easier to use equipment to spray and harvest crops. He only tilled a single field to save 6,000 gallons (of farm diesel) he purchased in December. The fields will be used to grow crops but will not look as he had hoped.

Murphy, who doesn't till many of his fields, said, "We will leave them a bit rough this year and fix next year."

Murphy stated in late May that there were still 2,500 gallons of water in his storage room from December. He would have to purchase more in order to maintain the crops during the summer growing season.

Don Bloss is a grain and soy bean grower from Pawnee City in Nebraska. He said that he paid higher rates to truckers for the 80-mile haul of corn to market.

Bloss told Bloss, "You have to continue writing checks." "We are at the mercy of everyone else."

More pain may be on the way

Fuel prices could rise even more if the Iran War continues to choke off global fuel supplies.

Since the Strait of Hormuz was closed, which is a vital passageway for almost a fifth of all global oil flows, the demand for U.S. Petroleum Products has been high. The domestic supply cushion, which helps to keep gasoline and diesel prices under control, could shrink further if exports remain at record levels as we head into summer. According to the U.S. Energy Information Administration, distillate fuel oil stocks in the United States fell to a 23 year low in May. The distillate stocks of the United States, which include diesel and heating oils, dropped by 2.1 millions barrels during the week ending May 22. This is the lowest level since May 2003.

Patrick De Haan is the head of GasBuddy's petroleum analysis. He said that there are still many uncertainties surrounding a possible deal between Iran and the United States. De Haan stated that any setbacks in the negotiations could reverse the recent drop in fuel prices. Reporting by Nicole Jao and Tom Polansek, both in New York; editing by Liz Hampton and Nick Zieminski.

(source: Reuters)