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Climate change is causing Europe's crops to mature earlier, according to data

Climate change is causing Europe's crops to mature earlier, according to data
Climate change is causing Europe's crops to mature earlier, according to data

Data shows that maize, rapeseed, and winter wheat were harvested much earlier in Europe in 2026 compared to the turn of century.

Winter wheat reached maturity 20 days earlier in certain parts of the European Union, according to data from the European Commission. Similar intervals were observed for rapeseed or corn.

"In the past 20 years, we have always been fully involved in the maize crop around September 14, 15, or 16. Hermann Greif is the district president of the Upper Franconia Bavarian Farmers' Union.

Typically, crops are harvested between 10 and 20 days after maturity. However, this can vary greatly by crop, year, country, etc.

The same is true for cereals. In the past we would usually harvest wheat in the second week of august, between August 10 to 15. Greif stated that we now harvest wheat as early as 'July in the last days of month.

Europe, the fastest-warming continent in the world, experienced several heatwaves from as early as May 2026. This accelerated crop maturation.

Sebastien Poncelet is a senior analyst with Argus. He said that the development of plants is largely determined the amount of heat units needed to progress from one physiological phase to another and eventually reach maturity.

He added that as temperatures rise, even by a few degrees at a time, plants accumulate heat units faster, which speeds up their growth cycle, resulting in an earlier harvest and maturity date.

AFFECTED BY QUALITY AND Quantity

The quantity of crops harvested was negatively affected by drought and heat.

FranceAgriMer, the French farm office, estimated that as of Friday only 27% of the grain maize crop was in excellent or good condition. This is the lowest score since 2011.

Greif added that "some crops whose critical stages of growth coincide with summer and spring droughts can face significant challenges." These crops could face significant yield reductions when drought strikes while they are still requiring water.

France's Agriculture Ministry forecast a 35% decrease in grain maize output compared to the previous year. Analysts expect production to plummet by about half, to its lowest level ever.

(source: Reuters)